Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of Shigella Species among Children under Five Years of Age with Diarrhea in Selected Health Centers, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Table 1
Prevalence of Shigella isolates and associated factors among under-five diarrheic children with acute diarrhea in the selected health centers, Addis Ababa (June 2021–April 2022) (n = 534).
Variables
Patient frequency (%a)
Shigella isolates (%b)
AOR (95% CI lower-upper)
value
Sex
Male
367 (68.7)
34 (6.4)
1.2 (0.62–2.39)
SNS
Female
167 (31.3)
13 (2.4)
1
Age
Less than 1 year
18 (3.4)
—
—
SNS
1 and less than 2 years
158 (29.6)
15 (2.8)
1.4 (0.59–4.01)
2 and less than 3 years
179 (33.5)
14 (2.6)
1.3 (0.48–3.25)
3 and less than 4 years
119 (22.3)
11 (2.1)
1.3 (0.47–3.53)
4 and less than 5 years
60 (11.2)
7 (1.3)
1
Educational status of the caregiver
Illiterate
68 (12.7)
9 (1.7)
1
SNS
1–8 grade
139 (26.0)
14 (2.6)
1.4 (0.55–3.49)
9–12 grade
184 (34.5)
11 (2.1)
1.2 (0.91–6.46)
Diploma
113 (21.2)
10 (1.9)
1.1 (0.58–5.64)
First degree and above
30 (5.6)
3 (0.6)
0.7 (0.32–9.85)
Occupational status of the caregiver
House wife
380 (71.1)
32 (6.0)
1
SNS
Governmental
43 (8.0)
3 (0.6)
0.6 (0.27–1.66)
NGO
11 (2.1)
2 (0.4)
0.6 (0.07–2.15)
Self-employee
65 (12.2)
7 (1.3)
0.7 (0.24–3.99)
Private
35 (6.6)
3 (0.6)
0.6 (0.27–1.66)
Monthly income
<1000EB
1 (0.2)
—
—
SNS
1000−2000EB
19 (3.6)
1 (0.2)
0.6 (0.41–21.92)
2001−3000EB
123 (23.0)
12 (2.2)
0.9 (0.46–2.15)
3001−4000EB
321 (60.1)
29 (5.4)
1
>4000EB
70 (13.1)
5 (0.9)
0.7 (0.31–3.97)
Family size
Two
12 (2.3)
1 (0.2)
0.6 (0.01–3.88)
SNS
Three
164 (30.7)
16 (3.0)
0.9 (0.08–6.4)
Four
272 (50.9)
24 (4.5)
1
Five
83 (15.5)
5 (0.9)
0.7 (0.12–11.94)
More than five
3 (0.6)
1 (0.2)
0.6 (0.01–3.88)
Number of children in a household
One
490 (91.8)
44 (8.2)
1
SNS
Two
43 (8.0)
2 (0.4)
0.5 (0.04–8.81)
Three
1 (0.2)
1 (0.2)
—
Illness
Diarrhea
132 (24.7)
14 (2.6)
0.9 (0.05–15.31)
SNS
Diarrhea and vomiting
82 (15.3)
8 (1.5)
0.8 (0.02–2.62)
Diarrhea and abdominal pain
71 (13.3)
4 (0.7)
0.7 (0.08–6.13)
Diarrhea and fever
34 (6.4)
2 (0.4)
0.6 (0.07–37.90)
Mixed illness
215 (40.3)
19 (3.6)
1
Duration of diarrhea
One day
106 (19.8)
9 (1.7)
1.2 (0.30–6.17)
SNS
Two days
235 (44.0)
26 (4.9)
1.4 (0.46–4.24)
Three days
145 (27.2)
9 (1.7)
1.2 (0.30–6.17)
More than three days
48 (8.9)
3 (0.6)
1
Duration of fever
None
285 (53.4)
26 (4.9)
1.4 (0.51–21.24)
SNS
One day
33 (6.2)
2 (0.4)
0.8 (0.11–2.56)
Two days
129 (24.2)
14 (2.6)
1
Three days
68 (12.7)
3 (0.6)
0.8 (0.14–5.42)
Four days
14 (2.6)
2 (0.4)
0.8 (0.11–2.56)
More than four days
5 (0.9)
—
—
Consistence of stool
Watery
197 (36.9)
17 (3.2)
1.1 (0.45–2.44)
SNS
Mucoid
84 (15.7)
7 (1.3)
0.9 (0.31–2.25)
Bloody
61 (11.4)
9 (1.7)
0.9 (0.35–2.33)
Mixed (blood and mucus)
191 (35.8)
14 (2.6)
1
Loose
1 (0.2)
—
—
1%a, among total participants (n = 534); %b, Shigella positive within each row category; AOR, adjusted odd ratio; CI, confidence interval; EB, Ethiopian birr; —, no report; SNS, statistically nonsignificant association.
