Phenotypic Characterization and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria in a Referral Hospital, Saudi Arabia

Table 1

Distribution of ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria among hospital departments at King Abdullah Hospital, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.

Isolates (n)	Total number (%) of ESBL producers	Gram-negative isolates per hospital department
		ICUs (n =154), ESBL+	ICUs (n = 154), ESBL+	Medicine (n = 24), ESBL+	Surgery (n = 23), ESBL+	OBS and gyne (n = 22), ESBL+	Pediatric (n = 10), ESBL+	Respiratory (n = 8), ESBL+	Urology (n = 7), ESBL+
K. pneumoniae (n = 85)	35 (41.2)	21	3	3	5	1	1	0	1
E. coli (n = 74)	23 (31.1)	8	5	4	3	1	1	0	1
Acinetobacter spp. (n = 49)	11 (22.4)	8	0	0	2	1	0	0	0
P. aeruginosa (n = 37)	6 (16.2)	3	0	0	2	0	0	1	0
Proteus mirabilis (n = 31)	6 (19.4)	3	2	0	1	0	0	0	0
Other Gram-negative rods (n = 12)	1 (4.3)	0	1	0	0	0	0	0	0
Enterobacter cloacae (n = 12)	2 (16.7)	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total (n = 311)	84 (27)	45 (29.2)	11 (17.5)	7 (29.2)	13 (56.5)	3 (13.6)	2 (20)	1 (12.5)	2 (28.6)

ESBL = extended-spectrum β-lactamase; OBS and gyne = obstetrics and gynecology; ICUs = intensive care units. Morganella morganii (n = 5), Klebsiella oxytoca (n = 4), Serratia marcescens (n = 4), Providencia rettgeri (n = 4), Citrobacter freundii (n = 3), Salmonella enterica (n = 2), and Proteus vulgaris (n = 1).