Research Article
Resistance of House Fly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae), to Five Insecticides in Zhejiang Province, China: The Situation in 2017
Table 1
LD50 and the RR value of the five insecticides in the house flies in Zhejiang Province, China (LD50, μg/fly).
| City | Year | Dichlorvos | Propoxur | Permethrin | Deltamethrin | Beta-cypermethrin | LD50 | 95% CI | RR | LD50 | 95% CI | RR | LD50 | 95% CI | RR | LD50 | 95% CI | RR | LD50 | 95% CI | RR |
| Susceptible strain | 2017 | 0.7781 | 0.7018–0.8626 | — | 0.1550 | 0.1395–0.1722 | — | 0.0108 | 0.0092–0.0127 | — | 0.0007 | 0.0006–0.0009 | — | 0.0090 | 0.0074–0.0109 | — | 2014 | 0.0453 | 0.0371–0.0577 | — | 0.2973 | 0.2493–0.3543 | — | 0.0108 | 0.0092–0.0127 | — | 0.0009 | 0.0008–0.0011 | — | 0.0036 | 0.0030–0.0043 | — | 2011 | 0.0962 | 0.0851–0.1076 | — | 0.0458 | 0.0396–0.0524 | — | 0.0124 | 0.0109–0.0139 | — | 0.0019 | 0.0017–0.0023 | — | 0.0117 | 0.0103–0.0132 | — | Hangzhou | 2017 | 1.0612 | 0.9162–1.2321 | 1.3638 | 8.8094 | 7.4675–10.3778 | 56.8348 | — | — | — | 0.0777 | 0.0667–0.0904 | 111.0000 | 0.1988 | 0.1725–0.2302 | 22.0889 | 2014 | 0.3290 | 0.2832–0.3830 | 7.2627 | >400.0000 | — | >1345.4423 | — | — | — | 0.0696 | 0.0605–0.0799 | 77.3333 | 0.2001 | 0.1741–0.2308 | 55.5833 | 2011 | 1.4749 | 1.2368–1.7588 | 15.3316 | 0.2661 | 0.2303–0.3073 | 5.8100 | — | — | — | 0.1045 | 0.0776–0.1407 | 55.0000 | 0.9399 | 0.7312–1.2081 | 80.3333 | Huzhou | 2017 | 40.4090 | 29.8130–62.1787 | 51.9329 | 23.8774 | 19.7867–29.2366 | 154.0477 | 0.0679 | 0.0517–0.0889 | 6.2870 | 0.1100 | 0.0781–0.1474 | 157.1429 | 0.3224 | 0.1954–0.4600 | 35.8222 | 2014 | 0.0053 | 0.0048–0.0060 | 0.1170 | 0.0281 | 0.0203–0.0409 | 0.0945 | 0.0028 | 0.0010–0.0045 | 0.2593 | 0.0021 | 0.0019–0.0024 | 2.3333 | 0.0100 | 0.0089–0.0011 | 2.7778 | 2011 | 0.5096 | 0.4477–0.5802 | 5.2973 | 0.1763 | 0.1384–0.2245 | 3.8493 | 0.2001 | 0.1622–0.2468 | 16.1371 | 0.0105 | 0.0088–0.0127 | 5.5263 | 0.0156 | 0.0127–0.0193 | 1.3333 | Jiaxing | 2017 | 0.4743 | 0.2437–1.2615 | 0.6096 | 0.5654 | 0.2113–3.3226 | 3.6477 | 0.0878 | 0.0451–0.2263 | 8.1296 | 0.0074 | 0.0045–0.0118 | 10.5714 | 0.0146 | 0.0082–0.0265 | 1.6222 | 2014 | 0.6746 | 0.3206–2.1420 | 14.8918 | 0.3563 | 0.1542–1.4583 | 1.1985 | 0.0433 | 0.0252–0.0894 | 4.0093 | 0.0052 | 0.0031–0.0074 | 5.7778 | 0.0082 | 0.0051–0.1450 | 2.2778 | 2011 | 0.0232 | 0.1284–0.5067 | 0.2412 | 0.0232 | 0.0158–0.0354 | 0.5066 | — | — | — | 0.0105 | 0.0016–0.1038 | 5.5263 | 0.1036 | 0.0751–1.4900 | 8.8547 | Jinhua | 2017 | 0.5934 | 0.4955–0.6966 | 0.7626 | 0.6838 | 0.5346–0.7499 | 4.4116 | 0.1199 | 0.0867–0.1294 | 11.1019 | 0.0204 | 0.0179–0.0255 | 29.1429 | 0.0691 | 0.0513–0.0750 | 7.6778 | 2014 | 0.5491 | 0.4637–0.6504 | 12.1214 | 0.4088 | 0.3342–0.4913 | 1.3750 | 0.0968 | 0.0684–0.1241 | 8.9630 | 0.0182 | 0.0154–0.0216 | 20.2222 | 0.0541 | 0.0442–0.0659 | 15.0278 | 2011 | 1.0651 | 0.9050–1.2401 | 11.0717 | — | — | — | 0.1321 | 0.1082–0.1589 | 10.6532 | 0.0220 | 0.0190–0.0255 | 11.5789 | 0.0902 | 0.0758–0.1068 | 7.7094 | Lishui | 2017 | — | — | — | >121.5000 | — | >783.8710 | 0.4106 | 0.3796–0.4462 | 38.0185 | 0.0288 | 0.0129–0.0654 | 41.1429 | 0.0030 | 0.0014–0.0066 | 0.3333 | Ningbo | 2014 | 0.0096 | 0.0026–0.0490 | 0.2119 | 0.0295 | 0.0115–0.0512 | 0.0992 | 0.0048 | 0.0012–0.0091 | 0.4444 | 0.0053 | 0.0015–0.1270 | 5.8889 | 0.0022 | 0.0003–0.0129 | 0.6111 | 2011 | 0.0056 | 0.0013–0.0280 | 0.0582 | 0.0115 | 0.0091–0.0270 | 0.2511 | 0.0012 | 0.0008–0.0010 | 0.0968 | 0.0054 | 0.0016–0.1271 | 2.8421 | 0.0022 | 0.0003–0.0129 | 0.1880 | Quzhou | 2017 | 0.3161 | 0.2561–0.4002 | 0.4062 | — | — | — | 0.3130 | 0.2525–0.3847 | 28.9815 | 0.0491 | 0.0414–0.0586 | 70.1429 | 0.2190 | 0.1833–0.2706 | 24.3333 | Shaoxing | 2017 | 3.1175 | 2.8063–3.4663 | 4.0066 | — | — | — | 0.1805 | 0.1548–0.2090 | 16.7130 | 0.0646 | 0.0577–0.0727 | 92.2857 | 0.2314 | 0.1587–0.5060 | 25.7111 | 2014 | 0.7610 | 0.6116–0.8881 | 16.7991 | 1.0406 | 0.8586–2.4601 | 3.5002 | 0.2430 | 0.1993–0.2758 | 22.5000 | 0.0111 | 0.0015–0.0231 | 12.3333 | 0.1483 | 0.1038–0.2113 | 41.1944 | 2011 | 1.1506 | 1.0305–1.2821 | 11.9605 | — | — | — | 0.2079 | 0.1793–0.2358 | 16.7661 | 0.0568 | 0.0493–0.0644 | 29.8947 | 0.4536 | 0.3958–0.5113 | 38.7692 | Taizhou | 2017 | 0.2583 | 0.2282–0.2924 | 0.3320 | >110.0000 | — | >709.6774 | 0.1190 | 0.1042–0.1350 | 11.0185 | 0.0602 | 0.0526–0.0688 | 86.0000 | 0.5588 | 0.4740–0.6525 | 62.0889 | Wenzhou | 2017 | 9.6679 | 8.1328–11.5459 | 12.4250 | >48.0000 | — | >309.6774 | 0.4253 | 0.3488–0.5185 | 39.3796 | 0.2626 | 0.2148–0.3187 | 375.1429 | 3.2818 | 2.7617–3.8915 | 364.6444 | 2014 | 0.1708 | 0.1146–0.2433 | 3.7704 | 1.0634 | 0.0000–2.5492 | 3.5769 | 0.1144 | 0.0549–0.1672 | 10.5926 | 0.0072 | 0.0011–0.0127 | 8.0000 | 0.0214 | 0.0047–0.0349 | 5.9444 | 2011 | 0.2616 | 0.1434–0.4642 | 2.7193 | 0.5291 | 0.2295–0.9901 | 11.5524 | 0.1571 | 0.0849–0.2377 | 12.6694 | 0.0098 | 0.0070–0.0131 | 5.1579 | 0.0389 | 0.0172–0.0672 | 3.3248 | Yiwu | 2017 | — | — | — | 0.7436 | 0.5956–0.9835 | 4.7974 | 0.1313 | 0.1111–0.1534 | 12.1574 | 0.0121 | 0.0098–0.0145 | 17.2857 | 0.0420 | 0.0376–0.0510 | 4.6667 | 2011 | 0.9972 | 0.8861–1.1126 | 10.3659 | — | — | | 0.1245 | 0.1038–0.1454 | 10.0403 | 0.0374 | 0.0323–0.0424 | 19.6842 | 0.1150 | 0.0913–0.1357 | 9.8291 | Zhoushan | 2017 | 0.2904 | 0.2347–0.3647 | 0.3732 | 58.8719 | 37.4590–91.7088 | 379.8187 | 0.2395 | 0.1657–0.3473 | 22.1759 | 0.1142 | 0.0557–0.2041 | 163.1429 | 0.2041 | 0.1340–0.3077 | 22.6778 |
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Resistant population (RR ≥ 5 and the 95% Confidence interval between the tested strain and the susceptible strain was not overlapped). |