Research Article
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) among Presumptive MDR-TB Patients in Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
Table 5
Factors associated with MDR-TB in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia.
| Variable | MDR-TB cases, N = 37 | Crude OR (95% CI) | value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | value | No. | % |
| Sex | Female | 15 | 40.5 | 1 | 0.632 | 1 | 0.876 | Male | 22 | 59.5 | 1.26 (0.49–3.23) | 1.13 (0.249–5.09) | |
| Age (years) | 29.9 + 11.9§ | [9–67]§§ | 1.06 (1.02–1.10) | 0.005 | 1.06 (1.00–1.11) | 0.048 |
| Address | Rural | 21 | 56.8 | 1 | 0.814 | 1 | 0.392 | Urban | 16 | 43.2 | 0.90 (0.36–2.25) | 0.55 (0.14–2.17) |
| Educational status | Unable to read and write | 8 | 21.6 | 1 | | 1 | | Read and write only | 4 | 10.8 | 1.23 (0.28–5.45) | 0.785 | 0.81 (0.12–5.33) | 0.827 | Elementary (1–6) | 12 | 32.4 | 0.26 (0.07–1.00) | 0.051 | 0.23 (0.03–1.54) | 0.129 | Secondary (7–12) | 11 | 29.7 | 0.39 (0.11–1.43) | 0.156 | 0.55 (0.11–2.72) | 0.463 | Diploma | 2 | 5.4 | 1.23 (0.18–8.33) | 0.831 | 0.33 (0.02–7.14) | 0.483 |
| Window | No | 11 | 29.7 | 1 | 0.601 | 1 | 0.567 | Yes | 26 | 70.3 | 1.32 (0.47–3.69) | 1.54 (0.35–6.72) |
| Family size | Less than or equal to 4 | 10 | 27 | 1 | 0.611 | 1 | 0.547 | Above 4 | 27 | 73 | 0.77 (0.28–2.10) | 1.59 (0.35–7.21) | |
| Monthly expenditure (birr) | 848.4 + 578.0§ | [150–2400]§§ | 1.00 (1.000–1.001) | 0.314 | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.722 |
| Alcohol consumption | No | 20 | 54.1 | 1 | 0.353 | 1 | 0.525 | Yes | 17 | 45.9 | 1.54 (0.62–3.86) | 0.61 (0.13–2.83) |
| Cigarette smoking | No | 34 | 91.9 | 1 | 0.070 | 1 | 0.118 | Yes | 3 | 8.1 | 3.64 (0.90–14.76) | 6.94 (0.61–78.58) |
| Imprisonment | No | 34 | 91.9 | 1 | 1.000 | 1 | 0.867 | Yes | 3 | 8.1 | 1.00 (0.19–5.31) | 0.83 (0.93–7.43) |
| TB treatment category | New | 6 | 16.2 | 1 | | 1 | | Relapse | 17 | 45.9 | 0.82 (0.22–3.13) | 0.776 | 5.66 (0.37–87.72) | 0.215 | After defaulter | 1 | 2.7 | 2.00 (0.14–28.42) | 0.609 | 2.30 (0.03–161.00) | 0.701 | After failure of treatment | 13 | 35.1 | 1.15 (0.30–4.47) | 0.836 | 8.38 (0.47–150.08) | 0.149 |
| TB treatment | Never treated | 3 | 8.1 | 1 | | 1 | 0.097 | Ever treated | 34 | 91.9 | 3.18 (0.32–32.04) | 0.327 | 16.97 (0.60–480.02) |
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§§Mean ± standard deviation; values generated using either chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. |