Gastroenterological cancers are the most common malignant tumors with high mortality worldwide. With the recent improvement in immunology, novel potential therapeutic molecules and immune cells for gastroenterological cancers have been recognized. However, there remains a lot to be learned about the function of immune molecules or cells for cancers. In the last few decades, immunotherapy has become a well-established strategy and found several applications in clinics or under clinical trials. Now, numerous forms of immunotherapeutic approaches are being explored for gastroenterological cancers.

It is quite interesting to exert the effects of the potential therapeutic molecules or immunological molecules or cells for gastroenterological cancers and try to avoid their side effects on the body. It is a controversial puzzle and challenge to maintain the stability of immunotherapy, especially for gastroenterological cancers.

This special issue aims at providing a multidisciplinary forum for discussion on recent advances in immunotherapy for gastroenterological cancers. We invite authors to submit original research and review articles contributing to the understanding and development of immunotherapy for gastroenterological cancers. We are particularly interested in articles testing novel and effective immunotherapies, giving new insights into the mechanisms involved in the immunotherapy for gastroenterological cancers.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• The expression of immunomodulatory molecules involved in immune evasion (e.g., PDL1, CTLA4) in gastroenterological cancers
• Identification of unknown novel potential therapeutic molecules or products of the immune system against gastroenterological cancers
• Identification of novel biological effects of known therapeutic immunological molecules or cells against gastroenterological cancers
• Development of prophylactic and therapeutic molecules or cells against gastroenterological cancers
• The mechanisms of effects of immunotherapy on T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine secretion for gastroenterological cancers
• The mechanisms of effects of immunotherapy on the stimulatory effects of dendritic cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages for gastroenterological cancers
• The mechanisms of effects of immunotherapy on the functions of regulatory T-cells and immune tolerance for gastroenterological cancers
• Development of immunotherapy against gastroenterological cancers
• Effects of immunotherapy against gastroenterological cancers in clinics or under clinical trials
• Immune adjuvants and gastroenterological cancer vaccines