Prevalence and Factors Associated with Impairment in Intrinsic Capacity among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: An Observational Study from South India

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the study population (n = 1000).

Variable	N (1000)	Intrinsic capacity score (out of 10)	value
Age (median (IQR))
Age
<75 years	787	5 (4-5)	0.011
≥75 years	213	5 (4-5)
Gender
Male	371	5 (4-5)	0.231
Female	629	5 (4-5)
Socioeconomic status
Upper	205	5 (4-5)	0.060
Upper middle	408	5 (4-5)
Lower middle	234	5 (4-5)
Upper lower	88	5 (4-5)
Marital status
Married	963	5 (4-5)	0.144
Widow/widower	4	3.5 (3–4.5)
Unmarried	33	5 (4-5)
Substance use
Smoking	30	5 (4-5)	0.985
Alcohol	59	4 (4-5)	0.129
ADL
Impaired	179	4 (4-5)	<0.001
Intact	821	5 (4-5)
BMI category (kg/m^2)
<18.5	37	4 (3-4)	<0.001
18.5–22.9	256	5 (4-5)
23–24.9	206	5 (4-5)
25–29.9	340	5 (4-5)
>30	143	5 (4-5)
Geriatric syndromes
Falls
Yes	62	5 (4-5)	0.525
No	919	5 (4-5)
Urinary incontinence
Yes	79	5 (4-5)	0.766
No	908	5 (4-5)
Constipation
Yes	34	5 (4-5)	0.170
No	952	5 (4-5)
Insomnia
Yes	46	5 (4–6)	0.064
No	937	5 (4-5)
Comorbidities
Multimorbidity
Yes	164	5 (4-5)	0.071
No	835	5 (4-5)
Hypertension
Yes	293	5 (4-5)	0.178
No	706	5 (4-5)
Diabetes
Yes	168	5 (4-5)	0.612
No	831	5 (4-5)
Chronic respiratory illness
Yes	93	5 (4-5)	0.393
No	906	5 (4-5)
CVD
Yes	41	5 (4-5)	0.689
No	958	5 (4-5)
Chronic neurologic illness
Yes	43	4 (3–5)	0.002
No	955	5 (4-5)

BMI: post-hoc analysis: significant different between <18.5 and 18.5–22.9 BMI (), <18.5 and 23-24.9 (), and <18.5 and 25-29.9 (). BMI: body mass index, ADL: activity of daily living, and CVD: cardiovascular disease.