Determination of Cutoff Values for the Screening of Osteosarcopenia in Obese Postmenopausal Women
Table 2
Differences in characteristics: young versus postmenopausal women.
Variables
N
Young women Mean (SD)
Nƚ
Postmenopausal women Mean (SD)
value
Cohen’s d (effect size)
Age (years)
118
22.1 (2.2)
118
60.0 (7.8)
0.0001
−6.574
Height (cm)
118
159.3 (5.5)
118
152.8 (6.2)
0.0001
1.104
Weight (kg)
118
56.9 (11.6)
118
63.9 (12.6)
0.0001
−0.586
BMI (kg/m2)
118
22.4 (4.5)
118
27.4 (5.3)
0.0001
−1.015
WC (cm)
106
71.9 (9.3)
115
84.8 (12.5)
0.0001
−1.171
BFP (%)
118
32.4 (7.7)
118
41.1 (7.6)
0.0001
−1.133
FFMI (kg/m2)
118
14.8 (1.5)
118
15.8 (1.7)
0.0001
−0.599
SMMI (kg/m2)
118
8.0 (0.9)
118
8.5 (1.1)
0.0001
−0.482
AppSMMI (kg/m2)
118
5.9 (0.7)
118
6.1 (0.9)
0.05
−0.248
HGS (kg)
117
24.7 (4.2)
112
19.8 (5.0)
0.0001
1.058
BUA (dB/MHz)
117
86.5 (16.3)
116
70.3 (17.2)
0.0001
0.970
SOS (m/s)
117
1570.9 (33.1)
116
1525.0 (31.9)
0.0001
1.415
Est. BMD (g/m2)
117
0.610 (0.122)
116
0.449 (0.124)
0.0001
1.310
QUI/Stiffness
117
108.1 (19.9)
116
82.3 (21.0)
0.0001
1.268
T-score (MY ref.)
117
−0.4 (1.1)
116
−1.3 (1.0)
0.0001
1.323
Z-score
117
−0.1 (1.0)
116
0.0 (1.0)
0.34
−0.131
ƚPostmenopausal women who reported to have been diagnosed with musculoskeletal-related disorders were excluded from the analysis (i.e., osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoporosis). SD: standard deviation; CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index; WC: waist circumference; BFP: body fat percent; FFMI: fat-free mass index; SMMI: skeletal muscle mass index; appSMMI: appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; HGS: handgrip strength; BUA: broadband ultrasonic attenuation; Est. BMD: estimated bone mineral density; SOS: speed of sound; QUI: quantitative ultrasonic index; MY: Malaysia. Analyzed using independent T-test. Formula for Cohen’s d = t √(N1+N2/N1N2), small = 0.2, medium = 0.5, and large = 0.8.
