Research Article
Active Ageing: An Empirical Approach to the WHO Model
Table 1
Instruments used for each of the WHO’s active ageing model determinants.
| Determinants | WHO (2002) contents | Assessment protocol “P3A” |
| Personal factors | Biology and genetics psychological factors | Psychological distress | GHQ-12 [28] | Happiness | QBE/F [32] | Cognitive functioning | MMSE [25] | Personality | NEO (Costa and McCrae, 1992 [31]) | Optimism | LOT-R [30] | Loneliness | Loneliness scale (Paúl et al., 2008 [22]) |
| Behavior determinants | Smoking Physical activity Food intake Oral health Alcohol Medication | Pulmonary function | Peak flow | Strength | Hand grip | Subjective health |
Health and life styles questionnaire (ESAP, Fernández-Ballesteros et al., 2004 [24]) | Illness | Sleep problems | Subj. physical activity | Vision | Audition | Smoking | Drinking | ADL and IADL |
| Determinants of social environment | Social support |
Social network |
Lubben scale of social support (Lubben, 1988) [27] | Violence and abuse | Education | Education | Sociodemographic questionnaire |
| Determinants of health and social services | Health and disease |
Life satisfaction |
Inventory of life satisfaction (Fonseca et al., 2011 [34]) | Health services | Continuous care | Mental health care |
| Determinants of physical environment | Friendly environment | Environment domain of quality of life |
WHOQOL Brief—physical environment subscale (Harper et al.,1998 [7], Canavarro et al., 2010 [33]) | Safety houses | Falls | Absence of pollution |
| Economic determinants | Wage | | Socioeconomic status (National Institute of Statistics) | Social security | Income | Work | |
|
|