Meeting the Unmet Need in the Management of MDR Gram-Positive Infections with Oral Bactericidal Agent Levonadifloxacin

Table 5

Comparative efficacy and safety parameters between anti-MRSA agents (Reddy et al. [76].

	Levonadifloxacin	Vancomycin/teicoplanin	Linezolid	Daptomycin	Ceftaroline	Omadacycline
Dose	800 mg BID (IV); 1000 mg BID (oral)	Vancomycin: 0.5 g QD or 1 g BID; Teicoplanin: 400 mg BID (LD); 400 mg OD (MD)	600 mg BID	500 mg OD	600 mg BID	CAP: day 1: LD of 200 mg IV QD or 100 mg IV BID; day 2: MD of 100 mg IV QD or 300 mg PO QD; SSTI: day 1: LD of 200 mg IV or 100 mg IV BID; day 2: MD of 100 mg IV QD or 300 mg PO QD; OR SSTI (only for tablets): days 1 and 2: LD of 450 mg PO QD; day 3: MD of 300 mg PO QD
Spectrum	Broad	Narrow	Narrow	Narrow	Broad	Broad
Formulation	IV and oral	IV only	IV and oral	IV only	IV only	IV and oral
Bacterial killing	Cidal	Slow bactericidal	Static	Cidal	Cidal	Static
Major adverse effects	None	Nephrotoxicity	Bone-marrow suppression	Muscle toxicity	Diarrhea, nausea, and rash	Nausea, vomiting, infusion site reactions, alanine aminotransferase increased, aspartate aminotransferase increased, gamma-glutamyl transferase increased, hypertension, headache, diarrhea, insomnia, and constipation
Lung tissue concentration	Excellent	Poor	Good	Not active	Poor	Poor
MRSA Biofilm action	Yes	No	Moderate	No	No	No
Dose adjustment in RI	No	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No
Dose adjustment in HI	No	No	Yes	No	No	No

BID: bis in die/twice a day; CAP: community-acquired pneumonia; HI: hepatic impairment; IV: intravenous; LD: loading dose; MD: maintaining dose; MRSA: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; OD: once daily; PO: per os; QD: quaque die/once daily; RI: renal impairment.