Microcirculation and Macrocirculation in Cardiac Surgical Patients
Table 2
(a) Microcirculation parameters assessed after cICU admission (H0) and every 2 hours for 6 hours (H2, H4, H6) in survivors and nonsurvivors combined. Data are presented as median (range). Microcirculation parameters assessed after cICU admission (H0) and every 2 hours for 6 hours (H2, H4, H6) in survivors (S) and nonsurvivors (NS). Data are presented as median (range). (b) Global Hemodynamics, pressure, lactate concentration, and temperature parameters assessed after cICU admission (H0) and every 2 hours for 6 hours (H2, H4, H6) in survivors and nonsurvivors combined. Data are presented as median (range). Global Hemodynamics, pressure, lactate concentration, and temperature parameters assessed after cICU admission (H0) and every 2 hours for 6 hours (H2, H4, H6) in survivors (S) and nonsurvivors (NS). Data are presented as median (range).
(a)
In cICU, after admission (H0), and every 2 hours up to 6 hours
H0
H2
H4
H6
Number of patients
23
21
18
17
Thenar StO2 (%)
85 (71–98)
88 (78–98)
89 (76–98)
89 (79–98)*
<0.001
O2 consumption rate (%/min)
17 (5–44)
23 (4–50)*
25 (4–45)
28 (11–54)*§§††
<0.001
Reperfusion rate (%/min)
203 (27–732)
350 (50–1215)**
467 (63–760)**
577 (123–1120)**
<0.01
S
NS
S
NS
S
NS
S
NS
Thenar StO2 (%)
85 (71–98)
88 (80–90)
88 (78–98)
90 (80–92)
89 (76–98)
91 (80–93)
89 (81–98)
92 (79–93)
ns
O2 consumption rate (%/min)
17 (5.1–44.2)
12.7 (8–24.9)
22.9 (3.8–50)
23.3 (9.4–26.8)
26.5 (4.2–44.8)
22 (12.5–30)
29.4 (11.2–53.9)
24 (11,3–38)
ns
Reperfusion rate (%/min)
236 (27–732)
148 (57–676)
362 (50–1215)
331 (73–457)
477 (63–760)
456 (168–589)
607 (123–1120)
312 (180–632)
ns
from H0, from H0, § from H2, §§ from H2, from H4, from H4.
(b)
H0
H2
H4
H6
CO (L/min)
4.7 (2.4–11.4)
4.7 (2.3–10.5)
4.7 (3.3–9.2)
5.1 (2.4–11.6)
ns
CI (L/min/m2)
2.5 (1.5–5.7)
2.6 (1.2–5.3)
2.7 (2–4.7)
2.9 (1.6–5.8)
ns
PCWP (mmHg)
11 (4–27)
10.5 (5–22)
13 (4–20)
11 (3–21)
ns
CVP (mmHg)
9 (0–15)
8.5 (3–16)
10 (1–14)
11 (0–14)
ns
SVR (dynes-s/cm5)
1339 (89–2200)
1125 (594–1967)
1154 (558–1941)
1067 (564–1901)
ns
PVR (dynes-s/cm5)
214 (84–564)
206 (76–672)
182 (60–956)
220 (63–328)
ns
SvO2 (%)
71 (55–79)
71 (54–76)
69 (50–75)
71 (50–75)
ns
ScvO2 (%)
74 (65–85)
76 (59–87)
69 (49–78)
72 (48–85)
ns
Hb (g/dL)
10.9 (8.7–14.9)
10.7 (8.3–14.4)
10.7 (9–15.3)
10.7 (8.3–13.6)
ns
Lac (mg/dL)
2.2 (0.9–7)
3 (1.3–9.1)*
3.1 (0.7–9.9)*
3.6 (0.7–9.7)*
<0.05
MAP (mmHg)
79 (66–109)
73 (52–100)
76 (57–99)
77 (54–99)
ns
MPP (mmHg)
24 (13–33)
23 (14–35)
24 (17–61)
24 (15–36)
ns
Central temp (°C)
37.1 (35.6–38.8)
37.4 (36.2–39.1)*
37.6 (36.9–38.8)*§
37.6 (37.2–38.4)*§
<0.001
Periph temp (°C)
36.7 (35–38.7)
36.9 (35.3–38.5)**
37 (36–38.5)*§
37.2 (36.2–38.4)*§
<0.001
Central-Periph (°C)
0.4 (0–1.3)
0.4 (0–0.9)
0.4 (0–1.4)
0.4 (0–1)
ns
DO2 (mL/min/m2)
411 (193–721)
411 (137–737)
398 (278–660)
429 (264–750)
ns
VO2 (mL/min/m2)
114 (61–214)
110 (87–221)
116 (91–237)
129 (83–208)
ns
O2 ER (%)
27 (21–57)
29 (21–71)
29 (25–50)
28 (21–50)
ns
S
NS
S
NS
S
NS
S
NS
ns
CO (L/min)
5 (3.1–11.4)
3.1 (2.4–4.7)
5.1 (3.3–10.5)
3.1 (2.3–3.9)
4.7 (3.5–9.2)
4.4 (3.3–4.7)
5.6 (4.3–11.6)
4.3 (2.4–4.4)
0.058
CI (L/min/m2)
2.5 (1.8–5.7)
1.8 (1.5–2.5)
2.8 (1.9–5.3)
1.8 (1.2–2.1)
2.7 (2–4.7)
2.3 (2.2–2.5)
3.1 (2.5–5.8)
2.3 (1.6–2.3)
0.064
PCWP (mmHg)
12 (4–27)
10 (8–10)
12 (8–22)
9 (5–10)
13 (4–20)
11 (8–11)
14 (3–21)
10 (9–11)
ns
CVP (mmHg)
9 (0–15)
8 (5–10)
9 (4–16)
8 (3–11)
10 (1–13)
9 (8–14)
11 (0–14)
8 (8–12)
ns
SVR (dynes-s/cm5)
1144 (89–2001)
1717 (1548–2200)
1113 (594–1506)
1504 (1128–1967)
1152 (558–1941)
1358 (1139–1525)
1006 (564–1327)
1580 (1325–1901)
0.074
PVR (dynes-s/cm5)
204 (84–479)
294 (103–564)
192 (76–301)
277 (167–672)
200 (60–956)
182 (170–286)
221 (63–296)
205 (163–328)
ns
SvO2 (%)
71 (55–79)
68 (42–72)
71 (54–76)
59 (29–73)
70 (50–75)
66 (63–74)
71 (50–75)
71 (66–77)
ns
ScvO2 (%)
74 (60–87)
70 (45–73)
75 (61–87)
59 (29–82)
71(49–82)
66 (60–69)
72 (48–85)
64(60–68)
0.035
Hb (g/dL)
11.3 (8.7–14.9)
10.9 (9.4–12.1)
10.9 (8.3–14.4)
10.2 (8.3–11.9)
11 (9–15.3)
9.9 (9.1–10.5)
10.7 (8.3–13.6)
11.9 (10.2–12.4)
ns
Lac (mg/dL)
1.9 (0.9–7)
2.9 (1.2–6.6)
2.6 (1.3–9.1)
5.5 (2.1–7.7)
3.2 (0.7–9.9)
3 (1.9–8.2)
3.7 (0.7–9.7)
2.1 (1.7–6.6)
0.076
MAP (mmHg)
81 (66–109)
74 (70–107)
75 (60–100)
66 (52–84)
75 (57–99)
76 (65–98)
76 (54–93)
79 (66–99)
ns
MPP (mmHg)
25 (13–33)
23 (14–29)
26 (20–35)
18 (14–25)
25 (17–61)
21 (20–21)
26 (15–36)
20 (19–21)
ns
Central temp (°C)
36.9 (35.7–38.8)
37.3 (35.6–37.7)
37.4 (36.2–37.1)
36.7 (36.5–38.1)
37.7 (37–38.8)
37 (36.9–37.1)
37.6 (37.2–38.4)
37.6 (37.5–37.6)
ns
Periph temp (°C)
36.7 (35.3–38.7)
36.9 (35.2–37.2)
37 (35.9–38.5)
36.4 (36.1–37.2)
37.2 (36.2–38.5)
36.7 (36.6–36.8)
37.2 (36.4–38.4)
37.2 (37.1–37.2)
ns
Central-Periph (°C)
0.2 (0–1.3)
0.45 (0.4–0.5)
0.5 (0–0.8)
0.4 (0.3–0.9)
0.5 (0–1.4)
0.3 (0.2–0.3)
0.4 (0–1)
0.5 (0.4–0.5)
ns
DO2 (mL/min/m2)
457 (292–721)
255 (193–416)
417 (281–737)
252 (137–340)
421 (335–660)
316 (278–361)
431 (350–750)
356 (323–389)
ns
VO2 (mL/min/m2)
118 (76–214)
107 (61–113)
118 (94–221)
96 (87–109)
117 (99–238)
93 (91–117)
136 (97–208)
96 (83–109)
ns
O2 ER (%)
27 (21–43)
31 (27–57)
29 (21–45)
40 (25–70)
29 (25–50)
34 (25–37)
28 (24–50)
28 (21–34)
ns
CI: cardiac index, CO: cardiac output, CVP: central venous pressure, DO2: whole-body oxygen delivery, Hb: hemoglobin, Lac: lactate, MAP: mean arterial pressure, MPP: mean pulmonary pressure, O2ER: oxygen extraction ratio, PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance, ScvO2: central venous oxygen saturation, SvO2: mixed venous oxygen saturation, SVR: systematic vascular resistance, temp: temperature, VO2: whole-body oxygen consumption. from H0, from H0, § from H2, §§ from H2, from H4, from H4.
