Clinical Study

The Microcirculation Is Unchanged in Neonates with Severe Respiratory Failure after the Initiation of ECMO Treatment

Table 2

Macrocirculatory data.

T1 ECMOT2 ECMOT1 ControlsT2 Controls value at baseline* value over time

Age [days]1 (0–12)1 (0–12)1 (0–6)1 (0–7)0.694NA
Time to or from start ECMO [hours]2 (0.5–24)2 (0.5–24)NANA
Time to or from ICU admission [hours]2.5 (0.3–55.4)6.4 (2.3–82.7)12.4 (1.0–145.3)33.5 (17.9–173.5)NANA
Time between SDF measurements [hours]4.0 (1.3–39.2)26.8 (13.0–32.3)0.005
Heart rate [beats/min]180 (120–220)150 (106–198)138 (113–191)129 (110–160)0.0460.387
Mean blood pressure [mmHg]49 (29–77)49 (35–86)44 (32–60)52 (41–63)0.2640.727
Pulse pressure [mmHg]19 (10–40)10 (0–33)25 (12–36)24 (15–32)0.559<0.001
Vasopressor score40 (0–140)10 (0–108)15 (0–75)19 (0–66)0.4100.136
Dopamine [mcg/kg/min]10 (0–20)0 (0–20)10 (0–21)16 (0–21)NANA
Dobutamine [mcg/kg/min]10 (0–20)5 (0–20)10 (0–20)5 (0–20)NANA
Norepinephrine [mcg/kg/min]0.1 (0.0–1.0)0.0 (0.0–0.9)0.0 (0.0–0.4)0.0 (0.0–0.3)NANA
Mean airway pressure [cm H2O]18 (12–27)11 (7–21)14 (9–16)13 (8–16)0.0190.357
Inhaled nitric oxide [ppm]20 (0–40)0 (0-0)0 (0–19)0 (0–20)0.0120.002
Oxygenation index31 (5–94)2 (1–21)5 (3–13)3 (0–7)0.0040.520
PELOD20 (11–31)11 (11–20)0.006
Hemoglobin [mmol/L]9.2 (6.9–12.6)8.7 (6.7–12.0)8.7 (7.4–11.0)8.5 (7.8–10.8)0.3360.978
Hematocrit [L/L]0.45 (0.32–0.62)0.41 (0.31–0.56)0.43 (0.38–0.53)0.40 (0.34–0.53)0.5140.384
Fluid amount administered [mL/kg]63 (10–145)54 (26–112)NANA
Fluid balance [mL/kg]33 (6–139)26 (−25–56)NANA
Temperature [degrees Celsius]37.4 (34.4–38.6)36.9 (35.9–38.4)37.3 (36.7–38.4)36.8 (36.5–37.3)NANA
ECMO flow [mL/kg/min]140 (110–210)NANA

Data are presented as median and range.
*Intergroup differences at T1 were assessed using Mann-Whitney test. For the time-dependent variables differences at T2 were assessed using ANCOVA with the baseline measurement as covariate.
NA: not assessed, —: not relevant, ECMO: extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ICU: intensive Care Unit, PELOD: pediatric logistic organ dysfunction.