Ethanol Production from Extruded Thermoplastic Maize Meal by High Gravity Fermentation with Zymomonas mobilis

Table 1

Physical and chemical properties of processed maize flour used for the fermentation worts.

Parameters (%)	Dried ground	Extruded 120°C
Chemical composition
Moisture	12.62 ± 0.10	12.90 ± 0.10
Ash content	1.18 ± 0.05	1.18 ± 0.02
Protein	8.84 ± 0.50	8.09 ± 0.18
Crude fat	3.13 ± 0.26	0.42 ± 0.08
Total starch	74.50 ± 0.60	71.77 ± 1.32
Crude fiber	1.24 ± 0.16	2.67 ± 0.12
Phenolic compound^a	376.39 ± 68.18	238.37 ± 25.19
Physical properties
WAI	2.82 ± 0.19	4.42 ± 1.26
WSI	7.65 ± 0.27	17.54 ± 6.68
Particle size fraction^b
Coarse (>420 mm)	61.68	37.74
Medium (149–420 mm)	35.91	47.66
Fine (<149 mm)	1.65	14.58

Expressed in μg of ac gallic equivalents/dried gram.
Average values. Determined after grinding extruded and dried corn meals in a Wiley mill equipped with a 2 mm screen.