Treatment Effects of Upper Limb Action Observation Therapy and Mirror Therapy on Rehabilitation Outcomes after Subacute Stroke: A Pilot Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of the participants.

	Action observation therapy; ()	Mirror therapy; ()	Active control intervention; ()
Gender (male/female)	6/1	6/1	6/1	1.0
Age (years) (mean (SD))	52.77 (11.25)	46.41 (13.45)	54.30 (13.61)	0.49
Onset (months) (mean (SD))	2.86 (1.77)	4.86 (1.95)	2.57 (1.72)	0.06
Lesion side (right/left)	2/5	4/3	3/4	0.85
Stroke type (hemorrhagic/ischemic)	4/3	7/0	2/5	0.03
Education (years) (mean (SD))	12.29 (2.87)	11.86 (2.27)	11.43 (4.12)	0.88
MoCA score (mean (SD))	24.57 (5.29)	25.29 (3.25)	24.00 (5.51)	0.88
FMA score (mean (SD))	42.29 (11.03)	43.29 (13.72)	39.57 (6.55)	0.80

Abbreviations: FMA: Fugl-Meyer Assessment; MoCA: Taiwanese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment.