“Olfactory Three-Needle” Enhances Spatial Learning and Memory Ability in SAMP8 Mice

Figure 2

Effects of “olfactory three-needle” and olfactory stimulation on Aβ deposition and phosphorylation of tau protein in the hippocampus of SAMP8 mice. (a) Representative IF staining for Aβ in the hippocampus. Aβ in green and Nissl in blue; scale bar is 50 μm. (b) Relative number of Aβ-positive cells in the CA1, CA3, and DG areas of the hippocampus. (c) Protein expression of Aβ expression in the hippocampus. (d) Representative IF staining for P-tau in the hippocampus. P-tau in red and Nissl in blue. (e) Relative number of P-tau-positive cells in the CA1, CA3, and DG areas of the hippocampus. (f) Protein expression and phosphorylation of tau protein in the hippocampus. , , and compared with the R1N group. ^#, ^##, and ^### compared with the P8N group.

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