Counterfactual Thinking in Tourette’s Syndrome: A Study Using Three Measures

Table 1

Demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological data of TS patients () and healthy controls (). Data are expressed as mean (SD).

Factors	TS patients ()		Controls ()
	M (SD)		M (SD)
Age (years)	33.9 (11.7)	48	30.5 (9.3)	46	0.12
Gender (female/male)	14/34	48	14/32	46	0.93
Education (years)	10.9 (3,2)	48	10.9 (3.3)	46	0.90
Right/left-handed	43/5	48	40/6	46	0.74
Onset of the disease (years)	8.3 (4.4)	45
DBS (yes/not)	10/38	48
YGTSS (total score)	36.9 (24.7)	48
DEX-S (total score)	24.9 (14.8)	47	cut off >18	[30]^*
MMSE (total score)	28.2 (1.6)	48	cut off 23.80	[27]^*
Verbal fluency (total score)	27.2 (8.9)	48	cut off >17	[29]^*
FAB (total score)	15.3 (1.4)	48	cut off >13.50	[28]^*

95% of normal subjects scored above the cut-off.