Detecting Early Warning Signal of Influenza A Disease Using Sample-Specific Dynamical Network Biomarkers

Figure 1

Three parts of biological progression of disease of a living organism. (a) The disease progression consists of three states including normal state, predisease state, and disease state, respectively. As shown in the picture, the process from normal to predisease state is reversible, whereas the process from predisease to disease state is irreversible. (b) The static variation displays the development progression of disease and the average value of molecule concentrations (e.g., gene or protein expression) at each state. (c) The dynamic variation shows the development progression of disease and the dynamic value of molecule concentrations (e.g., gene or protein expression) at each state.

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(b)

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