Review Article

Evaluation of Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and Glioma Risk Using the Bradford Hill Viewpoints from 1965 on Association or Causation

Table 7

Specificity. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for glioma ( = 1,379) and meningioma cases ( = 1,624) as the reference entity. Numbers of exposed cases (Ca) and controls (Co) are given. Adjustment was made for age at diagnosis, gender, socioeconomic index (SEI), and year for diagnosis [38].

Ipsilateral Contralateral
Ca/CoOR95% CICa/CoOR95% CI

Analogue190/1061.691.15–2.4798/751.250.78–2.00
Digital (2G)549/4321.461.09–1.96298/3291.000.71–1.40
Digital (UMTS, 3G)35/263.271.21–8.8321/171.790.61–5.20
Mobile phone, total591/4581.401.06–1.84316/3421.020.74–1.41
Cordless phone461/3781.421.06–1.90258/2891.110.79–1.56