A Review on Real-Time 3D Ultrasound Imaging Technology

Table 1

Performance and fabrication parameters of several typical real-time 2D array transducers.

Methods	Mill cross; ()	Mill cross; ()	T4 scanner; (circular,; : 25 mm)	Receive multiplexing; ()	4Z1c matrix phased array	Imasonic SaS Voray (256 elements)
Transmitters	32	32	256	169	—	—
Receivers	32	32	256	1024	—	—
Frame rate	8 frames/s	8 frames/s	22 volumes/s	60 volumes/s	24 volumes/s	50 volumes/s
Scan view	65°	65°	64°	65°	—	90°
Frequency	1.7 MHz	1–2.3 MHz	2–3.5 MHz	5 MHz	2.8 MHz	4 MHz
Volume size		—
Resolution	4°		mm	—	2.5 mm	200 μm
Authors	von Ramm et al. [100] (1990)	von Ramm et al. [101] (1991)	Stetten et al. [102] (1998)	Yen and Smith [6] (2004)	Frey and Chiao [103] (2008)	Deán-Ben et al. [104] (2015)