Probiotics (Bifidobacterium longum) Increase Bone Mass Density and Upregulate Sparc and Bmp-2 Genes in Rats with Bone Loss Resulting from Ovariectomy

Table 6

Effect of B. longum on histomorphometric measurements of the femur.

Parameters (%)	Sham	OVX	OVX + B. longum	value
ObS/BS	53.30 ± 2.29^a	37.05 ± 0.44^c	46.85 ± 1.42^b	0.046
OcS/BS	23.01 ± 1.34^c	27.96 ± 0.33^a	25.54 ± 1.23^b	0.001
OS/BS	24.02 ± 1.27^a	18.08 ± 0.17^c	23.06 ± 1.19^b	0.034
OV/BV	13.33 ± 1.28^a	7.06 ± 0.30^c	10.15 ± 1.19^b	0.004
ES/BS	28.97 ± 2.15^c	37.78 ± 0.30^a	34.24 ± 1.25^b	0.001

Ten-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were supplemented with 1 mL B. longum (10⁸–10⁹ CFU) once a day for 16 weeks, starting 2 weeks after surgery, while sham and OVX groups received 1 mL of demineralized water. At the end of the study, the percentage of osteoblast surface/bone surface (ObS/BS), osteoclast surface/bone surface (OcS/BS), eroded surface/bone surface (ES/BS), osteoid surface/bone surface (OS/BS), and osteoid volume/bone volume (OV/BV) was measured from H&E stained sections of the dissected femur. Values represent the mean ± SEM ( in each group).
^abcValues with different letters in the same row are significantly different at based on one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test.