Tetramethylpyrazine Enhances Vascularization and Prevents Osteonecrosis in Steroid-Treated Rats

Figure 3

Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) inhibits the microstructure destruction of the femoral head. (a) and (b), respectively, refer to two-dimensional and three-dimensional pictures of the normal bone in normal rats and the osteonecrotic bone in steroid-induced ONFH rats with or without TMP treatment. Statistical analysis on the differences of the BV/TV (c), Tb.Pf (d), Tb.Th (e), Tb.N (f), Tb.sp (g), and BMD (h) in the control, model, TMP 20 mg/kg, and TMP 40 mg/kg groups. Data are represented as the mean ± S.D. ( for control; for model; for TMP 20 mg/kg and TMP 40 mg/kg, resp.). ^##, compared with the control group. and , respectively, compared with the model group.

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