| | Organism | Description | Literature |
| | Bacillus subtilis | (i) Gram-positive bacterium, cell division every 10 minutes
(ii) Rod-shaped, around 0.8 µm in diameter and 3 µm in length
(iii) Endospores resistant to high temperature (10% alive after 1-hour bath is boiling hot water, 1% after 2-hour bath), high pressure (2 GPa for 45 minutes), space vacuum (for 24 hours)
(iv) Responsible for bread ropiness
(v) Produces peptide antibiotics (polymyxin, subtilisin, etc.) and enzymes (amylase, protease, etc.)
(vi) Few literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [120] |
| | Escherichia coli | (i) Gram-negative bacterium, cell division every 20 minutes
(ii) Rod-shaped, around 0.8 µm in diameter and 3 µm in length
(iii) Element of human and warm-blooded animals colon gut bacterial flora, where it participates in digestive processes and production of B and K group vitamins
(iv) Pathogenic leading to human diseases of the digestive or urogenital systems
(v) Dies out in temperature of 60°C after 20 minutes, in propitious conditions (for example in faeces) can survive for 1 year
(vi) Used for production of a human hormone, insulin
(vii) Few literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [120, 121] |
| | Caenorhabditis elegans | (i) Transparent body hermaphroditic nematode (male individuals represent around 0.2% of the entire population), around 1 mm in length
(ii) Lifespan of 2 or 3 weeks at room temperature, lifecycle around 56 hours
(iii) Body consisting of 959 somatic cells including 302 neurons, internal organs consisting of a constant number of cells
(iv) No negative effects of cryopreservation
(v) Sole organism of a fully mapped connectome and genome (in 1998)
(vi) Numerous body processes similar to human, shares 40% of genes with humans
(vii) Few literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [121, 122] |
| | Helixpomatia | (i) Common species of a land pulmonary snail
(ii) Lives in the Southeast and Central Europe
(iii) Shell 5 cm in diameter
(iv) Body cells contain 54 chromosomes
(v) Hatching of young snails after 3 or 5 weeks
(vi) Considered as a model organism due to simplicity of its nervous system response investigations
(vii) Few literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [89, 123] |
| | Drosophila melanogaster | (i) Standard model organism, considered as the essential one
(ii) Requires no special laboratory conditions
(iii) High fecundity: females laying up to 100 eggs per day and around 2000 in their lifespan
(iv) Short lifespan around 10 days at room temperature
(v) Body cells contain 4 chromosome pairs
(vi) Exhibits sexual dimorphism: females about 2.5 mm, males about 2 mm
(vii) About 75% of known genes of human diseases can be matched with the genome of fruit flies
(viii) About 50% of protein sequences have mammalian homologs
(ix) Moderate number of literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [121, 124] |
| | Xenopus laevis | (i) Model organism for more than 50 years
(ii) Easy to breed in captivity, requires no special laboratory conditions
(iii) Invasive species capable of surviving droughts hidden in sludge at the bottoms of water reservoirs
(iv) Males around 8 cm in size, females around 13 cm in size
(v) Lifespan ranges from 5 to 15 years
(vi) Females sensitive to human chorionic gonadotropin and in the past used as a natural pregnancy test
(vii) Females lay large eggs with large embryos that are easy to manipulate and test
(viii) Transparent tadpoles allow observation of subsequent stages of their development
(ix) Moderate number of literature sources documenting the influence of EMF | [110] |
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