Antioxidants, Phytochemicals, and Cytotoxicity Studies on Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Seeds
Table 5
In vitro, cytotoxic effects of methanol extract and its fractions of P. macrocarpa cancer cells lines and normal human fibroblast breast cells line.
Cell line
Incubation periods (hours)
ME
HF
CF
EAF
Doxorubicin
24
8.2 ± 4.66
≥100
10.0 ± 1.31
5.6 ± 1.17
0.92 ± 0.64
Ca Ski
48
19.7 ± 0.92
≥100
8.2 ± 1.04
7.7 ± 1.85
0.69 ± 1.05
72
40.7 ± 2.26
≥100
22.0 ± 1.86
6.0 ± 3.22
0.45 ± 0.99
24
12.0 ± 2.2
45.2 ± 1.49
57.5 ± 2.64
22.3 ± 1.58
1.05 ± 1.08
MCF7
48
8.5 ± 1.68
55.5 ± 1.97
40.0 ± 1.48
16.8 ± 1.70
0.12 ± 0.69
72
6.3 ± 2.50
72.5 ± 1.52
46.5 ± 3.45
8.4 ± 1.71
0.92 ± 1.70
24
29.3 ± 2.26
40.0 ± 3.15
9.5 ± 2.95
1.1 ± 1.20
0.92 ± 0.72
HT29
48
25.0 ± 1.35
64.0 ± 2.03
8.7 ± 1.59
3.5 ± 2.00
0.32 ± 2.16
72
21.5 ± 3.30
75.0 ± 3.14
21.0 ± 1.98
12 ± 2.28
0.88 ± 0.94
24
16.5 ± 2.52
40.5 ± 3.52
24.8 ± 2.06
6.8 ± 1.8
1.02 ± 1.79
SKOV-3
48
22.1 ± 2.47
50.0 ± 3.02
16.5 ± 3.21
6.5 ± 2.3
0.32 ± 0.97
72
36.0 ± 3.55
70.3 ± 3.53
9.0 ± 2.6
3.2 ± 2.81
0.62 ± 0.98
24
≥100
≥100
≥100
6.5 ± 2.3
0.43 ± 0.50
MDA-MB231
48
≥100
≥100
≥100
15 ± 3.43
0.59 ± 1.01
72
≥100
≥100
≥100
18.6 ± 1.26
0.95 ± 1.32
ME: methanol extract; HF: hexane fraction; EAF: ethyl acetate fraction; CF: chloroform fraction; WF: water fraction. Doxorubicin was used as positive control. Each value is expressed as mean ± standard deviation of three measurements.
