CDK/CCN and CDKI Alterations for Cancer Prognosis and Therapeutic Predictivity

Table 1

Alterations of regulators of cell cycle, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, and cyclins-dependent kinases inhibitors, prevalent in human cancers.

Regulators of cell cycle	Cycle phase or activity	Tumors
CCND1	G1	Lymphoma (90%), breast (50%) and lung carcinoma (15%), sarcoma (30%), hepatocellular carcinoma (20%), urothelial carcinoma (14%), cervical carcinoma (24%)
CCND2	G1	CLL, colorectal carcinoma, lung carcinoma (20%)
CCND3	Late G1, early S	Lymphoma (50%), retinoblastoma, urothelial carcinoma (11%)
CCNE	G1/S	Gastric and colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, pancreatic carcinoma, bladder carcinoma (50%)
CCNB1	G2/M	Colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma (19%)
CCNA	S/G2	Breast carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma
CDK2	G1/S	Colorectal carcinoma
CDK4	G1/S	Melanoma, colorectal carcinoma, breast carcinoma, oral squamous carcinoma (50%), cervical carcinoma (26%)
CDK6	G1/S	Glioma, melanoma, oral squamous carcinoma (40%)
CDKN2B	Inhibition of CDK4/CDK6	ALL (35%), lung carcinoma (35%), melanoma, urothelial carcinoma (23%)
CDKN2A	Inhibition of CDK4/CDK6	Melanoma, glioma, breast carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma (23%)
CDKN1A	Inhibition of all CDKs	Melanoma, leukemia, colorectal carcinoma
CDKN1B	Inhibition of all CDKs	Melanoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma