In recent years, there has been extensive research into the application and improvement of biodegradable metals. The rapid development of biodegradable metals has revolutionized many aspects of metal implants, including materials, design, manufacturing, and clinical application. However, as typical for metal materials, their structure, general properties, preparation technologies, and biocompatibility are too tough to change. Magnesium and its alloys, as biodegradable metals, are susceptible to excessive degradation, degrading their mechanical integrity and limiting the usages of these biomaterials.

The biological behavior of magnesium in vivo and in vitro still needs to be further investigated, and the various biological properties must be refined to meet the special requirements of the medical and pharmaceutical fields. A considerable number of studies have reported advances in surface modification of magnesium, improving corrosion resistance, bioactivity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. In the future, further studies in medical and materials science are required to assess the feasibility of magnesium in clinical practice. Related works may encompass pharmaceutical formulations, cellular experiments, animal tests, clinical trials, and medical analyses. Meanwhile, experimental observations, mathematical modeling, and ethical investigations are also required to evaluate the work both in vivo and in vitro.

The Special Issue is devoted to magnesium and its alloys and their application in medical fields. We also aim to discuss magnesium related issues in the fields of biology, physics, chemistry, materials science, and advanced technologies. This Special Issue serves as a platform for researchers to publish their latest research and clinical findings, reviews, and mini-reviews, and analyze evaluations to solve problems in medical applications.

Potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

• Biocompatible and biomechanical properties
• Surface treatment and fabrication of functional surfaces
• Corrosion analysis in vitro and in vivo
• Microstructure evolution and behavior
• Simulation, modeling, joining, and machining
• New alloy development and magnesium-based composites
• Raw materials, alloy casting, extrusion, and deformation
• Energy materials, applications, and recycling