Perceptions of People Living with HIV and HIV Healthcare Providers on Real-Time Measuring and Monitoring of Antiretroviral Adherence Using Ingestible Sensors: A Qualitative Study

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of PLWH.

Characteristics (n = 15)	Mean (SD) or n (%)
Age, yrs	50 (6.9)
Gender
Male	13 (86.7%)
Race and ethnicity
Black	7 (46.7%)
Hispanic white	6 (40.0%)
Non-Hispanic white	2 (13.3%)
Self-identified major source of HIV infection
MSM	9 (60.0%)
Heterosexual sex	5 (33.3%)
IV drug use	1 (6.7%)
Duration since HIV diagnosis, yrs	16 (7.0)
Most recent CD4 count, cells/uL (min, max)	774.2 (275, 1375)
Most recent plasma HIV RNA
Undetectable (<20 copies/mL)	10 (66.7%)
Detectable (≥20 copies/mL)	4 (26.7%)
Unknown	1 (6.7%)
Self-reported missed doses in the past month
0	3 (20%)
1-2	3 (20%)
>2	5 (33.3%)
Unknown	4 (26.7%)
Missed clinic visits in the past 6 months
None	8 (53.3%)
1	2 (13.3%)
>1	3 (20%)
Unknown	2 (13.3%)

All patients were on one pill once-daily ARV regimens. SD, standard deviation; MSM, men who have sex with men; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IV, intravenous; ARV, antiretroviral; PLWH, people living with HIV.