Incidence and Factors Associated with Postspinal Headache in Obstetric Mothers Who Underwent Spinal Anesthesia from a Tertiary Hospital in Western Uganda: A Prospective Cohort Study

Table 1

Factors associated with postspinal headache.

Variables	Categories	^cOR (95% CI)		^aOR (95% CI)
Ag	<17 years	0.741 (0.28–1.963)	0.540
	18–30 years	1.096 (0.61–1.969)	0.759
	>31 years	1
Body mass index	>30	1.293 (0.746–2.242)	0.571	2.133 (0.631–7.207)	0.223
	25–29.9	0.511 (0.36–0.724)	0.012	0.471 (0.224–0.989)	0.047
	<18.5	2.552 (0.226–28.838)	0.449	0.963 (0.0035–26.149)	0.982
	18.5–24.9	1		1
Chronic headache	Yes	1.695 (0.900–3.191)	0.102	3.326 (1.409–7.85)	0.006
	No	1		1
Number of attempts	>3 attempts	8.889 (1.655–47.741)	0.011	20.17 (2.614–155.635)	0.004
	3 attempts	11.457 (4.974–26.387)	<0.001	27.61 (7.671–99.377)	<0.001
	2 attempts	4.148 (2.249–7.650)	<0.001	7.765 (3.48–17.326)	<0.001
	1 attempt	1		1
CSF allowed to drop	2-3 drops	6.265 (3.064–12.811)	<0.001	3.278 (1.263–8.51)	0.015
	0-1 drop	1		1
Years of experience anesthetist	<3 years	0.47 (0.204–1.081)	0.075	3.519 (0.991–12.492)	0.052
	3–5 years	0.627 (0.275–1.431)	0.268	3.219 (0.941–11.019)	0.063
	6–10 years	0.759 (0.307–1.876)	0.550	1.461 (0.362–5.901)	0.594
	>10 years	1		1
Level of entry	L2-3	0.595 (0.327–1.084)	0.090	0.515 (0.225–1.178)	0.116
	L3-4	0.529 (0.293–0.957)	0.035	0.381 (0.167–0.868)	0.022
	L4-5	1		1
Design of needle	Cutting	1.357 (0.787–2.337)	0.272	3.206 (1.408–7.299)	0.006
	Pencil tip	1		1
Size of needle	25 G	1.011 (0.514–1.990)	0.974
	27 G	1
Type of operation	Emergency	0.864 (0.267–2.797)	0.808
	Elective	1
Amount of blood loss	>1500 ml	5.371 (1.735–16.625)	0.004	6.618 (1.582–27.687)	0.010
	>1000−1500 ml	1.058 (0.493–2.270)	0.885	1.728 (0.579–5.155)	0.327
	500−1000 ml	2.25 (1.282–3.948)	0.005	1.858 (0.867–3.986)	0.111
	<500 ml	1		1
Start of ambulation	>24 hours	1.900 (1.089–3.315)	0.024	2.346 (1.079–5.102)	0.032
	6–12 hours	0.950 (0.085–10.661)	0.967	0.465 (0.023–9.197)	0.615
	12−24 hours	1		1
Class of analgesics prescribed	Tramadol	6.375 (1.348–30.142)	0.019	20.745 (2.964–145.212)	0.002
	Diclofenac/Panadol	3.945 (1.103–14.115)	0.035	6.104 (1.257–29.651)	0.025
	Diclofenac and tramadol	3.276 (0.900–11.930)	0.072	5.149 (1.047–25.326)	0.044
	>3 classes	5.667 (0.273–117.448)	0.262	12.522 (0.168–930.939)	0.25
	Diclofenac, morphine/pethidine	1		1

; , level of significance; ^cOR, crude odds ratio; ^aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.