Minimally Invasive Hemodynamic Assessment during Obstetric Hysterectomy for Invasive Placentation with Epidural Anesthesia

Figure 2

Hemodynamic trends (x̄, bold black line; σ, gray zone). (a) Increased variance () in the stroke volume index occurred within the measurements; the pattern could be explained by an increase in the variability between the individuals; however, these variances were more noticeable when the effect size (Cohen’s d) was measured after 60 and 75 min. The heart rate (b) was expected to change due to cardiac and vascular adaptations caused by the epidural block neurovegetative effects and featured mild variance throughout the surgery. Central venous pressure (c) showed minor variations during the procedure. Initial increments correspond to the patients’ lateral decubitus position for the epidural block.

(a)

(b)

(c)