Research Article

Comparison of Different Waves during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Descriptive Study in Thailand

Table 2

Comparison of sociodemographic characteristics during different phases during COVID-19 pandemic in Thailand.

CharacteristicsTotal of casesPhases of the COVID-19 pandemic across 17 months value
Phase IPhase II first wavePhase IIIPhase IV second wavePhase V third wave
n (%)n (%)

Gender
 Female74,170 (48.5)19 (45.2)1,374 (45.2)375 (40.0)12,745 (58.0)59,657 (47.0)<0.001
 Male78,809 (51.5)23 (54.8)1,666 (54.8)563 (60.0)9,228 (42.0)67,329 (51.5)
Total152,979 (100)42 (100)3,040 (100)938 (100)21,973 (100)126,986 (100)

Age (years)
 >1 (infants)65 (0.0)01 (0.0)07 (0.0)57 (0.0)<0.001
 1–3 (toddlers)1,781 (1.2)1 (2.4)18 (0.6)9 (1.0)81 (0.4)1,672 (1.3)
 4–5 (preschoolers)977 (0.6)012 (0.4)2 (0.2)48 (0.2)915 (0.7)
 6–12 (middle childhood)4,221 (2.8)2 (4.8)41 (1.3)17 (1.8)219 (1.0)3,942 (3.1)
 13–151,921 (1.3)029 (1.0)10 (1.1)155 (0.7)1,727 (1.4)
 16–182,852 (1.9)039 (1.3)11 (1.2)218 (1.0)2,584 (2.0)
 19–2422,264 (14.6)2 (4.8)370 (12.2)148 (15.8)3,511 (16.0)18,233 (14.4)
 25–3032,674 (21.4)5 (11.9)554 (18.2)186 (19.8)5,322 (24.2)26,607 (21.0)
 31–3521,520 (14.1)10 (23.8)369 (12.1)135 (14.4)4,000 (18.2)17,006 (13.4)
 36–4017,780 (11.6)1 (2.4)350 (11.5)105 (11.2)2,861 (13.0)14,463 (11.4)
 41–5023,482 (15.3)4 (9.5)557 (18.3)171 (18.2)3,141 (13.4)19,609 (15.4)
 51–6014,028 (9.2)4 (9.5)407 (13.4)93 (9.9)1,557 (7.1)11,967 (9.4)
 >609,414 (6.2)13 (31.0)293 (9.6)51 (5.4)8,204 (3.9)8,204 (6.5)
Total152,979 (100)42 (100)3,040 (100)938 (100)21,973 (100)126,986 (100)

Nationality
 Thai118,391 (77.4)17 (40.5)2,734 (89.9)689 (73.5)7,922 (36.1)107,029 (84.3)<0.001
 Foreigner2,257 (1.5)25 (59.5)206 (6.8)219 (23.3)609 (2.8)1,198 (0.9)
 Migrant worker32,331 (21.1)0100 (3.3)30 (3.2)13,442 (61.2)18,759 (14.8)
Total152,979 (100)42 (100)3,040 (100)938 (100)21,973 (100)126,986 (100)

Source population at risk factors
 Close contact with a previous confirmed patient67214 (43.9)32 (76.1)1,599 (52.6)276 (29.4)2,773 (12.6)62,534 (49.2)<0.001
 Health care worker684 (0.4)1 (2.4)97 (3.2)057 (0.3)529 (0.4)
 Community risk13,002 (8.5)8 (19.0)1,146 (37.7)16 (1.7)567 (2.6)11,265 (8.9)
 Cluster community39377 (25.7)00017,587 (80.0)21,790 (17.2)
 Active and community surveillance30,456 (19.9)055 (1.8)0332 (1.5)30,069 (23.7)
 State quarantine2,246 (1.5)1 (2.4)143 (4.7)646 (68.9)657 (3.0)799 (0.6)
Total152,979 (100)42 (100)3,040 (100)938 (100)21,973 (100)126,986 (100)

Statistical analysis was performed by chi-square test. was considered to indicate statistical significance.