Prevention of Calcium Nephrolithiasis: The Influence of Diuresis on Calcium Oxalate Crystallization in Urine

Table 1

Afflux of important components for stone formation in urine of stone formers and healthy controls.

Reference	Participants	Volume	Na	Ca	Ox
	Number	L/d	mM/d	mM/d	mM/d
Stone formers
[39]	60	1.73	193	8.15	0.23
[38]	86	1.952	170	6.3	0.37
[4]	99	1.068	158	6.1	0.32
[4]	100	1.008	162	6.65	0.32
Mean		1.439	171	6.8	0.31
Recurrent stone formers
[15]	6	1.43	159	9.05	0.55
Healthy controls
[39]	60	1.56	172	5.96	0.22
[38]	36	1.868	155	4.86	0.31
Mean		1.714	163	5.41	0.27
		ml/h	mM/h	μM/h	μM/h
Stone formers after dietary Ox load
[40]	11	50	6.71	121	51
Healthy controls after dietary Ox load
[40]	10	51	6.42	113	48
[41]	6			215	32
Mean		51	6.42	164	40