Investigating the Effect of Prompt Treatment on Malaria Prevalence in Children Aged below Five Years in Zambia: A Nested Case-Control Study in a Cross-Sectional Survey

Table 4

Effect sizes of variables on prevalence using data from the high malaria endemic zone.

Variable	Unadjusted odds ratio				Adjusted odds ratio
	OR	95% CI		value	aOR	95% CI		value
Malaria treated (yes)	0.91	0.55	1.50	0.704	0.57	0.32	1.01	0.054
Sex (female)	1.00	—	—	—	1.00	—	—	—
Age group (<12 months)	1.00	—	—	—	1.00	—	—	—
Residence (urban)	0.06	0.01	0.26	<0.001	0.06	0.01	0.26	<0.001
Altitude location (metres)	0.99	0.99	1.00	0.600	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.337
Standard house (yes)	0.20	0.04	0.73	0.015	0.29	0.07	1.18	0.084
IRS (yes)	0.71	0.36	1.39	0.316	0.8	0.36	1.76	0.576
ITN slept (yes)	1.07	0.62	1.87	0.796	0.97	0.54	1.77	0.933
Rainfall (mm)	1.00	0.99	1.01	0.840	1.00	0.98	1.02	0.861
Temperature (°C)	0.90	0.41	1.99	0.792	0.74	0.19	2.90	0.666
Wealth (poorest 5th)	1.63	0.94	2.83	0.081	1.3	0.70	2.41	0.409