Research Article
Effects of Sand Powder on Sulfuric Acid Resistance, Compressive Strength, Cost Benefits, and CO2 Reduction of High CaO Fly Ash Concrete
Table 5
Emission inventory data used for CO2 emission calculations, for material transportation to the Bangkok metropolitan area.
| | Materials | Type | Distance (km) | CO2 emission factor of materials (t-CO2/tonne) |
| | Binders | Cement (OPC) | 120 | 0.0086 | | Fly ash (FAM) | 600 | 0.0428 | | Fly ash (FAR) | 190 | 0.0136 | | Sand powder (GS) | 60 | 0.0043 |
| | Aggregates | Coarse aggregate | 120 | 0.0086 | | Fine aggregate | 60 | 0.0043 |
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