Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and Microrobotics Applications of Polyvinyl Chloride- (PVC-) Based PANI/PEDOT: PSS/ZrP Composite Cation-Exchange Membrane

Table 4

Experimental force data of the PANI/PVC-PEDOT: PSS-ZrP actuator.

Voltage (V)	Force data in mN					Average force data (Fd) in mN
	Fd1	Fd2	Fd3	Fd4	Fd4
0	0	0	0	0	0	0
0.5	0.076	0.078	0.079	0.075	0.072	0.076
1.0	0.110	0.102	0.098	0.101	0.099	0.102
1.5	0.180	0.174	0.169	0.175	0.177	0.175
2.0	0.256	0.264	0.268	0.263	0.269	0.264
2.5	0.298	0.288	0.290	0.286	0.288	0.290
3.0	0.316	0.321	0.320	0.311	0.312	0.316
3.5	0.399	0.394	0.392	0.387	0.388	0.392