Seismic Behavior of Rammed Earth Walls with Precast Concrete Tie Columns
Table 4
Global displacement ductility values of test specimens.
Parameter
Py (kN)
(mm)
Pmax (kN)
Δmax (mm)
Pu (kN)
(mm)
Mean value of μ
Q-1
POS
18.78
1.39
18.78
2.40
15.96
7.62
5.48
5.74
NEG
−16.65
−1.35
−19.04
−2.40
−16.18
−8.09
5.99
Q-2
POS
26.14
4.77
40.73
9.60
34.62
16.24
3.40
3.27
NEG
−29.09
−5.21
−46.25
−12.00
−39.31
−16.35
3.14
Q-5
POS
25.84
5.58
38.40
16.80
32.64
38.83
6.96
6.82
NEG
26.29
−5.76
−44.35
−14.40
−37.70
−38.47
6.68
Q-7
POS
30.99
4.17
38.87
12.00
33.04
29.81
7.15
7.93
NEG
−28.58
−4.30
−35.07
−12.00
−29.81
−37.43
8.70
Note. POS: positive direction; NOG: negative direction. Py: the yield load; : the displacement corresponding to the yield load; Pmax: the peak load; Δmax: the displacement corresponding to the peak load; : determined as corresponding to a 15% drop of the peak load; Pu: the load corresponding to .