The bidirectional interactions between the land surface and the atmosphere play important roles in the definition of weather and climate across multiple time scales. The influence of soil moisture on short-term weather forecasts, the role of phenology and surface radiation balance in the seasonal and intraseasonal climate variability, the interaction of land cover and long-term mean climate in several regions of the world, and the emissions of greenhouse gases due to changes in land cover or agricultural practices are well-known examples of these interactions.

We invite investigators to contribute their original research articles and review articles that seek to define the interaction between the land surfaces, the biosphere in general, and the atmosphere, across all time scales and all regions of the world. We are looking for articles that describe not only how the land surface and biosphere affects weather and climate but also how land surface processes are affected by climate variability and change. In particular, we encourage the submission of articles related to the increasing cross-disciplinary integration of models that simulate climate-relevant processes. Exchange of mass and energy between land surface and atmosphere

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Greenhouse gas emissions
• Vegetation dynamics and biodiversity
• Land surface hydrology
• Agriculture in response to climate
• Land use change
• Fires in the climate system
• Aerosol emissions