Advances in Meteorology

Research Article

Associated Determinants of Surface Urban Heat Islands across 1449 Cities in China

Table 1

Partial and Spearman correlation coefficients between SUHII and its drivers (multiplied by a scale factor of 0.01).
VariablesD/NP/CChinaRegion IRegion IIRegion IIIRegion IV
AnnWinSprSumAutAnnWinSprSumAutAnnWinSprSumAutAnnWinSprSumAutAnnWinSprSumAut
ΔNLDP16a 28a11a14a49a    14a 27a12a16a     39a29a31a28a16a
  C38a20a30a35a35a46a 42a48a31a42a11b26a54a44a   18b 39a34a39a27a40a
 NP20a11a16a16a19a   16b 16a18a16a11b22a33a27a32a31a30a 18a13a13a22a
  C36a26a35a36a36a56a54a53a55a44a43a32a44a39a45a56a46a49a58a57a37a21a35a32a33a
ΔBIDP9a12a 15a15a  36a34a 16a  32a33a         15a
  C18a13a7b23a16a41a 45a39a29a21a12a 42a43a     36a26a37a23a36a
 NP29a17a28a29a12a58a38a62a45a57a41a28a45a36a31a28a26a22b40a28a35a 16a11b 
  C45a40a43a44a33a68a63a64a62a61a48a41a49a52a35a50a42a43a54a51a33a19a30a29a29a
UASDP        25a17b               
  C30a6b32a30a26a47a 29a54a37a37a 32a42a32a23a 18b23a21b31a29a35a19a30a
 NP      32b25a                 
  C34a23a32a33a39a40a33a38a45a35a40a32a38a32a44a50a42a46a52a48a29a17a27a25a28a
TPDP                         
  C24a−7a26a32a18a49a 38a49a38a35a 30a42a34a19b−18b 37a30a17a 22a19a11a
 NP 8b        11b10b 11b           
  C40a31a38a35a40a54a56a47a50a38a44a35a47a42a41a40a34a34a43a38a31a21a26a21a35a
ΔPDDP                      −13a −10b
  C −14a 15a 32a 28a31a25a   10b11b −24a 32a24a −28a 9b−11a
 NP10a 18a 9a         −11b     22a14a18a 26a
  C25a25a24a20a19a42a47a34a36a25a22a18a27a29a10b18b  21b 18a14a13a 24a
ΔEVIDP−31a−16a−47a−44a−39a   −54a−28a−25a −62a−32a−24a−66a−36a−30a−79a−69a−12b−20a−42a −24a
  C−34a−34a−50a−38a−45a−27b  −65a−47a−33a−12a−65a−36a−22a−66a−23b−22b−78a−66a−15a−31a−38a−10b−33a
 NP−36a−22a−27a−22a−35a−48a−44a   −39a−27a−33a−29a−29a   −50a −40a−23a−26a−25a−45a
  C−17a12a −21a−37a−49a−33a −44a−39a−19a −9b−17a−42a   −24a −52a−34a−36a−25a−53a
ΔWSADP8a−38a−12a15a12a−29b−39a−28a21a−19a21a−26a21a 21a −41a−38a       
  C18a 19a 20a−21a−26a−19a−34a 15a 21a   −60a−21b 27a17a    
 NP−29a−22a−32a−13a−26a−38a−31b−57a−30a−23a−38a−18a−42a−15a−45a−32a−26a−31a−59a−30a−13b −18a −19a
  C−38a−45a−39a−20a−36a−62a−64a−47a−40a−46a−27a−22a−39a −43a−25a−29a−24a−39a−33a−18a−15a−14a−11b−32a
ΔAODDP   −7b   34a      −14a         12b
  C11a15a19a 8a  29a18b 17a 12a  60b     15a14a 12a
 NP  11a 7b       15a            
  C8b−8b18a9a12a   31a 15a 26a 16a65b 38a31a29a  10b14a 
HIDP27a14a  38a    32a 32a    −21b   25a13b 16a18a
  C40a35a28a13a53a28a  46a37a30a33a22a 13a     18a18a10b 16a
 NP−18a−17a−37a−27a−29a     −15a−32a−24a−33a−21a   −25a −17a −15a  
  C−42a−45a−39a−36a−24a−33a−30a−36a−19a−34a−21a−32a −30a    −23a−21b−14a−16a−20a  
PDP 10a19a11a 51a 30a50a 26a  20a12b      15a17a−12b 
  C38a32a29a14a46a31a 19a45a20a32a18a19a13a  53a26a  11b23a10b 17a
 NP−8b−16a  −16a    −33a−23a−11b −24a    19b  −21a  −16a
  C−39a−40a−35a−30a−17a−21a−16b  −31a−28a−27a −36a−12a   −22b  −21a−21a −10b
MATDP        −29a  −16a 22a20a −32a    20a−28a −14a
  C22a12a24a 42a −21a −15b18b19a 44a   −47a   −17a18a−32a−10b 
 NP10a 12a 23a     25a18a18a 32a  21b   16a20a−16a 
  C−27a−37a−23a−15a    15b  −20a −15a12a   26a 9b27a13a 9b
Note: asignificant at the 0.01 level; bsignificant at the 0.05 level; ΔNL, ΔBI, ΔPD, ΔEVI, ΔWSA, and ΔAOD stand for the differences between cities and villages for the nighttime light intensity, built-up intensity, population density, enhanced vegetation index, while-sky albedo, and aerosol optical depth, respectively; UAS, TP, HI, P, and MAT stand for urban area size, total population, humidity index, total precipitation, and mean temperature, respectively; Ann, Win, Spr, Sum, and Aut stand for during the whole year, winter, spring, summer, autumn, respectively; D and N stand for during daytime and nighttime, respectively; P and C stand for the partial and Spearman correlation coefficients, respectively.