Holocene Vegetation Succession and Response to Climate Change on the South Bank of the Heilongjiang-Amur River, Mohe County, Northeast China

Figure 6

Comparison of principal pollen percentages and the PCA F1 curve from the Beihong Section with other selected proxy records. (a) Pollen index from the Beihong Section. From the right to left are the PCA F1 curve, the percentage curves of broadleaved trees, Betula, herb, Poaceae, Pinus, and Cyperaceae. (b) Dongge Cave D4 [33]. (c) Holocene drift ice record for the MC52-VM29-191 North Atlantic core [34]. (d) Northern Hemisphere July insolation at 65°N [35] and the residual atmospheric Δ¹⁴C record (~2000-year moving average) [36]. The lateral gray bands trace the interconnection between climate cooling, drift ice, a weakened EASM, reduced insolation activity, and the principal pollen taxa changes in this study. The red boxes show the main indicator plants of vegetation type conversion.