Bianchi Type-I Universe with Cosmological Constant and Quadratic Equation of State in <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-4.4924pt" id="M1" height="16.753pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0657574 -12.2606 52.614 16.753" width="52.614pt"><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,0,0)"><path id="g50-103" d="M620 667C620 684 593 710 552 710C515 710 459 687 409 634C360 582 334 506 320 433H247L215 400L220 388H310L259 80C224 -129 199 -161 185 -174C175 -183 160 -192 141 -192C123 -192 90 -181 75 -165C69 -158 64 -156 54 -164C39 -178 24 -195 24 -208C24 -231 61 -257 94 -257C124 -257 162 -243 209 -194C267 -134 303 -66 343 107C369 220 378 279 393 385L503 397L523 433H404C432 619 464 660 500 660C522 660 542 646 566 621C573 614 583 615 593 621C603 628 620 648 620 667Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,11.059,0)"><path id="g50-41" d="M309 -142C211 -61 151 99 151 271S210 601 309 683L288 710C141 611 75 451 75 272V271C75 90 141 -72 288 -169L309 -142Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,17.202,0)"><path id="g50-83" d="M636 22C611 29 589 38 560 74C536 104 518 134 495 173L430 300C518 328 592 392 592 492C592 555 563 594 528 618C491 643 435 650 377 650H140L131 618C222 610 223 601 208 518L137 136C121 43 116 40 27 32L18 0H295L300 32C212 40 206 42 223 138L248 279H296C334 279 350 272 369 230C393 174 413 140 441 94C482 24 523 1 626 -8L636 22ZM497 480C497 422 468 374 417 343C387 324 353 315 304 315H255L298 556C303 583 309 598 319 603C331 610 348 613 367 613C448 613 497 573 497 480Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,28.116,0)"><path id="g50-45" d="M98 134C72 134 46 117 46 90C46 73 55 65 60 64C95 55 124 32 124 -4C124 -42 95 -68 44 -89L57 -123C122 -104 194 -60 194 22C194 94 136 134 98 134Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,35.095,0)"><path id="g50-85" d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,46.168,0)"><path id="g50-42" d="M283 271C283 451 220 610 70 710L48 683C146 603 207 443 207 271S149 -59 48 -142L70 -169C220 -67 283 90 283 271Z"/></g></svg> Modified Gravity

<div>Variation of energy conditions (<svg height="11.7391pt" id="M312" style="vertical-align:-3.40332pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.33578 50.585 11.7391" width="50.585pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M525 275C525 381 464 451 380 451C338 451 289 439 241 405C158 347 127 277 106 152C51 -168 37 -216 24 -242L28 -257C42 -256 92 -247 117 -222C126 -213 134 -193 150 -69L166 32C184 10 211 -12 245 -12C276 -12 332 8 384 46C458 100 525 176 525 275ZM436 260C436 131 366 41 267 41C246 41 208 51 175 82C181 125 187 162 195 200C220 322 257 400 328 400C398 400 436 338 436 260Z" id="g50-239"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="549" vert-adv-y="549"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.08,0)"><path d="M556 236V289H337V504H275V289H56V236H275V-4H337V236H556Z" id="g54-36"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.964,0)"><path d="M573 302C573 402 527 451 414 451C386 451 343 446 313 437L330 513L320 522C295 508 261 484 243 463L230 415C194 400 159 383 126 359L131 330C159 344 187 357 222 368L109 -147C96 -204 80 -214 18 -223L13 -255L256 -244L259 -212L236 -210C184 -205 180 -195 191 -141L219 -1C240 -10 268 -12 284 -12C352 4 431 48 484 104C543 166 573 240 573 302ZM481 290C481 165 381 37 305 37C280 37 249 56 235 71L302 395C328 399 353 402 372 402C427 402 481 378 481 290Z" id="g50-113"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="597" vert-adv-y="597"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.401,0)"><path d="M552 293V344L59 566V507L489 319L59 131V72L552 293ZM552 -41V12H59V-41H552Z" id="g54-94"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.02,0)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg>, <svg height="11.7391pt" id="M313" style="vertical-align:-3.40332pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.33578 50.585 11.7391" width="50.585pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M525 275C525 381 464 451 380 451C338 451 289 439 241 405C158 347 127 277 106 152C51 -168 37 -216 24 -242L28 -257C42 -256 92 -247 117 -222C126 -213 134 -193 150 -69L166 32C184 10 211 -12 245 -12C276 -12 332 8 384 46C458 100 525 176 525 275ZM436 260C436 131 366 41 267 41C246 41 208 51 175 82C181 125 187 162 195 200C220 322 257 400 328 400C398 400 436 338 436 260Z" id="g50-239"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="549" vert-adv-y="549"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.08,0)"><path d="M556 236V289H56V236H556Z" id="g54-33"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.964,0)"><path d="M573 302C573 402 527 451 414 451C386 451 343 446 313 437L330 513L320 522C295 508 261 484 243 463L230 415C194 400 159 383 126 359L131 330C159 344 187 357 222 368L109 -147C96 -204 80 -214 18 -223L13 -255L256 -244L259 -212L236 -210C184 -205 180 -195 191 -141L219 -1C240 -10 268 -12 284 -12C352 4 431 48 484 104C543 166 573 240 573 302ZM481 290C481 165 381 37 305 37C280 37 249 56 235 71L302 395C328 399 353 402 372 402C427 402 481 378 481 290Z" id="g50-113"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="597" vert-adv-y="597"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,32.401,0)"><path d="M552 293V344L59 566V507L489 319L59 131V72L552 293ZM552 -41V12H59V-41H552Z" id="g54-94"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,44.02,0)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg>, <svg height="11.7391pt" id="M314" style="vertical-align:-3.40332pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.33578 56.9397 11.7391" width="56.9397pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M525 275C525 381 464 451 380 451C338 451 289 439 241 405C158 347 127 277 106 152C51 -168 37 -216 24 -242L28 -257C42 -256 92 -247 117 -222C126 -213 134 -193 150 -69L166 32C184 10 211 -12 245 -12C276 -12 332 8 384 46C458 100 525 176 525 275ZM436 260C436 131 366 41 267 41C246 41 208 51 175 82C181 125 187 162 195 200C220 322 257 400 328 400C398 400 436 338 436 260Z" id="g50-239"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="549" vert-adv-y="549"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,10.08,0)"><path d="M556 236V289H337V504H275V289H56V236H275V-4H337V236H556Z" id="g54-36"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,20.964,0)"><path d="M290 377C321 398 342 415 358 430C378 450 389 473 389 502C389 578 329 635 238 635H237C184 635 137 610 109 578L64 515L88 493C112 529 154 573 208 573S303 542 303 482C303 409 233 370 141 341L149 308C165 313 190 319 215 319C272 319 341 283 341 193C342 98 292 43 222 43C163 43 122 72 96 94C88 101 79 100 70 94C61 87 47 73 46 60C44 47 48 37 62 23C76 10 118 -12 165 -12C238 -12 430 62 430 223C430 297 379 359 290 375V377Z" id="g50-52"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,27.295,0)"><path d="M573 302C573 402 527 451 414 451C386 451 343 446 313 437L330 513L320 522C295 508 261 484 243 463L230 415C194 400 159 383 126 359L131 330C159 344 187 357 222 368L109 -147C96 -204 80 -214 18 -223L13 -255L256 -244L259 -212L236 -210C184 -205 180 -195 191 -141L219 -1C240 -10 268 -12 284 -12C352 4 431 48 484 104C543 166 573 240 573 302ZM481 290C481 165 381 37 305 37C280 37 249 56 235 71L302 395C328 399 353 402 372 402C427 402 481 378 481 290Z" id="g50-113"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="597" vert-adv-y="597"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,38.732,0)"><path d="M552 293V344L59 566V507L489 319L59 131V72L552 293ZM552 -41V12H59V-41H552Z" id="g54-94"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="611" vert-adv-y="611"></glyph.data></g><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,50.351,0)"><path d="M245 635C92 635 37 457 37 312C37 149 91 -12 244 -12C395 -12 449 166 449 312C449 469 395 635 245 635ZM243 598C332 598 358 454 358 312C358 173 334 26 245 26C158 26 128 174 128 313S152 598 243 598Z" id="g50-49"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="487" vert-adv-y="487"></glyph.data></g></svg>) against time <svg height="7.94193pt" id="M315" style="vertical-align:-0.2063999pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -7.73553 4.62753 7.94193" width="4.62753pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M329 433H203L239 587L230 596L147 534L123 433H57L30 395L34 388H115L61 129C37 16 59 -12 85 -12C147 -12 222 58 260 98L241 125C212 95 160 62 144 62C132 62 127 71 138 126L192 386L305 394L329 433Z" id="g50-117"></path><glyph.data ascent="3443" descent="-2856" horiz-adv-x="347" vert-adv-y="347"></glyph.data></g></svg> for polynomial law model.</div>

Advances in High Energy Physics

fig16

Figure 16

Figure 16: Bianchi Type-I Universe with Cosmological Constant and Quadratic Equation of State in <svg xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" style="vertical-align:-4.4924pt" id="M1" height="16.753pt" version="1.1" viewBox="-0.0657574 -12.2606 52.614 16.753" width="52.614pt"><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,0,0)"><path id="g50-103" d="M620 667C620 684 593 710 552 710C515 710 459 687 409 634C360 582 334 506 320 433H247L215 400L220 388H310L259 80C224 -129 199 -161 185 -174C175 -183 160 -192 141 -192C123 -192 90 -181 75 -165C69 -158 64 -156 54 -164C39 -178 24 -195 24 -208C24 -231 61 -257 94 -257C124 -257 162 -243 209 -194C267 -134 303 -66 343 107C369 220 378 279 393 385L503 397L523 433H404C432 619 464 660 500 660C522 660 542 646 566 621C573 614 583 615 593 621C603 628 620 648 620 667Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,11.059,0)"><path id="g50-41" d="M309 -142C211 -61 151 99 151 271S210 601 309 683L288 710C141 611 75 451 75 272V271C75 90 141 -72 288 -169L309 -142Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,17.202,0)"><path id="g50-83" d="M636 22C611 29 589 38 560 74C536 104 518 134 495 173L430 300C518 328 592 392 592 492C592 555 563 594 528 618C491 643 435 650 377 650H140L131 618C222 610 223 601 208 518L137 136C121 43 116 40 27 32L18 0H295L300 32C212 40 206 42 223 138L248 279H296C334 279 350 272 369 230C393 174 413 140 441 94C482 24 523 1 626 -8L636 22ZM497 480C497 422 468 374 417 343C387 324 353 315 304 315H255L298 556C303 583 309 598 319 603C331 610 348 613 367 613C448 613 497 573 497 480Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,28.116,0)"><path id="g50-45" d="M98 134C72 134 46 117 46 90C46 73 55 65 60 64C95 55 124 32 124 -4C124 -42 95 -68 44 -89L57 -123C122 -104 194 -60 194 22C194 94 136 134 98 134Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,35.095,0)"><path id="g50-85" d="M655 676H628C608 656 600 650 571 650H156C118 650 114 651 102 676H77C63 615 45 548 24 485L60 486C81 531 97 562 114 580C134 603 148 611 252 611H308L217 127C201 41 196 38 105 32L98 0H384L393 32C300 38 288 41 304 127L393 611H466C553 611 571 604 582 580C592 559 597 530 595 485L630 489C636 548 645 624 655 676Z"/></g><g transform="matrix(.017,0,0,-0.017,46.168,0)"><path id="g50-42" d="M283 271C283 451 220 610 70 710L48 683C146 603 207 443 207 271S149 -59 48 -142L70 -169C220 -67 283 90 283 271Z"/></g></svg> Modified Gravity 

Advances in High Energy Physics

Bianchi Type-I Universe with Cosmological Constant and Quadratic Equation of State in Modified Gravity

Figure 16