Smallholders' Conservation Agriculture Adoption Decision in Arba Minch and Derashe Districts of Southwestern Ethiopia

Table 1

Definition of independent variables, which were included in the econometric model and expected sign.

Variable codes	Description	Types of variables	Unit of measurements	Expected sign (s)
Adoption	CA adoption	Dummy	1 = adopter and 0 = nonadopter
AGE	Age of the HHH	Continuous	Measured in years	+
EDU	Formal educational level of the HHH	Continuous	The level of formal education	+
FAMSIZE	Family size in adult equivalent (in number)	Continuous	Number of family member	+
TLANDHOLD	Total land holding	Continuous	Measured in hectare	+
TLU	Total livestock holding of the HHH	Continuous	Measured in tropical livestock unit (TLU)	−
EXP	Farming experience (in years)	Continuous		+
NETINCO	Annual net income from annual + perennial + crops in ETB	Continuous	Measured in Ethiopian birr	−
IRRIGATION	Lack access to small-scale irrigation	Dummy	1 = yes and 0 = no	+
EXTEN	Extension visit	Dummy	1 = yes and 0 = no	+

Source: by authors; (+/−) indicates a positive or negative relationship with the dependent variable.