Research Article
Impact of Pesticides on Diversity and Abundance of Predatory Arthropods in Rice Ecosystem
Table 1
Diversity indices of predators in different growth stages of rice during kharif season.
| Insect order/suborder | Crop stage | Total population | Shannon index “H” | Simpson index “D” | Reciprocal Simpson index “d” | Berger–Parker “h” | Margalef richness index | Dominant species | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 | T1 | T2 |
| Zygoptera | V | 176 | 145 | 1.146 | 1.236 | 0.617 | 0.677 | 2.611 | 3.097 | 0.563 | 0.473 | 0.580 | 0.602 | Ischnura aurora | R | 36 | 34 | 1.147 | 1.265 | 0.629 | 0.706 | 2.696 | 3.400 | 0.568 | 2.188 | 0.831 | 0.844 | AH | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Anisoptera | V | 202 | 142 | 0.981 | 0.984 | 0.589 | 0.589 | 2.430 | 2.432 | 0.559 | 0.566 | 0.377 | 0.403 | Crocothemis servilia | R | 102 | 77 | 0.909 | 0.930 | 0.547 | 0.558 | 2.206 | 2.265 | 0.608 | 1.660 | 0.432 | 0.459 | AH | 35 | 24 | 0.979 | 1.051 | 0.598 | 0.663 | 2.490 | 2.970 | 0.571 | 0.440 | 0.563 | 0.621 |
| Coleoptera | V | 51 | 36 | 0.906 | 0.903 | 0.559 | 0.566 | 2.269 | 2.304 | 0.529 | 0.487 | 0.763 | 0.831 | Coccinella septempunctata | R | 37 | 14 | 1.178 | 1.116 | 0.692 | 0.648 | 3.249 | 2.844 | 0.405 | 0.571 | 0.831 | 1.137 | AH | 86 | 54 | 0.870 | 0.794 | 0.505 | 0.442 | 2.022 | 1.791 | 0.651 | 0.722 | 0.674 | 0.752 | Paederus fuscipes |
| Hymenoptera | V | 57 | 28 | 0.978 | 0.844 | 0.609 | 0.532 | 2.559 | 2.137 | 0.448 | 0.621 | 0.493 | 1.611 | Ropalidia sp. | R | 101 | 57 | 0.949 | 0.945 | 0.566 | 0.569 | 2.304 | 2.320 | 0.598 | 0.597 | 0.432 | 0.495 | Ichenemoide sp. | AH | 101 | 65 | 0.904 | 0.960 | 0.551 | 0.576 | 2.229 | 2.357 | 0.588 | 0.591 | 0.432 | 0.477 |
| Arachnid | V | 356 | 282 | 1.832 | 1.758 | 0.827 | 0.802 | 5.783 | 5.056 | 0.263 | 0.325 | 1.020 | 1.063 | Tetragnatha sp. | R | 239 | 171 | 1.761 | 1.886 | 0.808 | 0.845 | 5.217 | 6.466 | 0.300 | 0.208 | 1.095 | 1.164 | Oxyopes salticus | AH | 60 | 37 | 0.814 | 1.070 | 0.538 | 0.664 | 2.166 | 2.979 | 0.517 | 0.447 | 0.489 | 0.550 | Neoscona theisi |
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“V” = vegetative; “R” = reproductive; “AH” = after harvesting; T1 = control field (without insecticide); T2 = farmers’ field (insecticide spray).
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