Review Article

An Overview of the Emergence and Challenges of Land Reclamation: Issues and Prospect

Table 2

Land reclamation classification.

CategoriesSubcategoriesForm

HydrotechnicalDrainageReclamation/drying-out of swamplands, marshlands, or wetlands
Flood monitoring and managementFlood and waterlogging monitoring and management/eradication of wet spots (sluggishness of swift water on the surface)
IrrigationHumidifying irrigation/fertigation (fertilizer irrigation)/sterilizing irrigation/unfreezing irrigation/soil-cleaning irrigation
Drainage and humidifyingControl and management of water-air regime of drained lands/irrigation of drained swamplands, marshlands, and wetlands
Irrigating or wateringIrrigating of arid areas/irrigating of low-water areas/irrigating under the situations in tropical locations

AgrotechnicalControl and management of drainageCreating depressions in-ground/mole plowing/narrow conventional plowing/soil adornment/wrinkling/soil slotting/ridging/bed-forming

LandAccumulation/conservation of soilNonmould board releasing/deep plowing/decompaction of the soil/sheet erosion, subsurface erosion, ravine erosion, and soil blowing monitoring and management
Reconstruction of the soilDevelopment of topsoil/granulometric enhancement of the soil via the addition of sand and clay/thickening of humus-accrued prospect
Cultivation and technicalLevelling of the surface/land clearance and management
Reclaiming and landscapingReclamation of open-cast mines such as rock dump pits, peat mines/ash-disposal locations/demolitions instigated by natural catastrophes such as hurricanes, floods, storms, and dust

VegetativePhytoreconstructiveDevelopment of woodland belts/complete afforestation/phytoncide or resort planting
Conservation of landscapeProtection of water/control and management of wind, snow, bank, landslide, and landslip

ClimaticThermalControl and management of frosts, frost-killing and damping-out/basin, and thermal/agrothermal
Distribution of moistureEnhancement of precipitation/control and management of snow-melting
Weakening of windLocal arrangements/antihurricane measures, especially in Hurricane formation areas

AgrochemicalSalt enriching, acid monitoring, and stabilizing the soilThe use of mineral fertilizers/monitoring and management of nutrient distribution/the use of lime, especially on acidic soils/acid monitoring, especially on solonetzic soda soils, solonchak soils, and other soils with high alkalinity/the use of gypsum, especially on alkali and solonetzic soils/soil conditioning and stabilization against soil puncture/soil silicatization
Sanitary and disinfectingThe use of arboricides and pesticides