Research Article
Determination of Tetracycline and Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics at Trace Levels in Sludge and Soil
Table 4
Levels (ng/g dry matter) of target tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones measured in sludge and soil that received the corresponding sludge.
| | Sludge | Sludge 1 | Sludge 2 | Sludge 3 | Sludge 4 | Sludge 5 | Sludge 6 | Sludge 7 | Sludge 8 | Sludge 9 | Sludge 10 | Sludge 11 | Sludge 12 |
| | Norfloxacin | nd | 2,055 (157) | nd | 937 (41) | 132 (8) | 74 (3) | nd | 130 (5) | 84 (7) | 1,004 (42) | 362 (17) | 562 (21) | | Ciprofloxacin | nd | 3,148 (94) | 63 ± (2) | 2,786 (115) | 251 (11) | 55 (2) | nd | 356 (15) | 123 (5) | 379 (16) | 576 (28) | 755 (33) | | Ofloxacin | nd | 8,492 (212) | 66 ± (3) | 2,577 (93) | 398 (14) | 93 (30) | 208 (67) | 824 (29) | 156 (54) | 1,189 (42) | 641 (25) | 1,152 (39) | | Tetracycline | nd | 124 (3) | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 61 (2) | nd | 135 (2) | | Oxytetracycline | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
| | Soil | Soil 1 | Soil 2 | Soil 3 | Soil 4 | Soil 5 | Soil 6 | Soil 7 | Soil 8 | Soil 9 | nd | Soil 11 | Soil 12 |
| | Norfloxacin | nd | 16.5 (0.3) | nd | 9.7 (0.2) | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 3.6 (0.1) | nd | nd | | Ciprofloxacin | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | | Ofloxacin | nd | nd | <MQL | nd | <MQL | <MQL | <MQL | 1.8 (0.2) | <MQL | 1.31 (0.1) | <MQL | <MQL | | Tetracycline | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | 6.9 (1.1) | | Oxytetracycline | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd | nd |
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nd: not detected
The analyses were performed in duplicate. The standard deviation appears in parentheses.
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