The Increasing Level of DKK-1 as a New Bone Formation Factor in Patients with Early Spondyloarthritis

Table 3

Patients’ characteristics differences in relation to low BMD.

Parameters	Low BMD at any site		value
	Yes (n = 8)	No (n = 14)
Age (years)	32.50 ± 6.590	38.79 ± 8.816	0.095
BMI	20.80 ± 3.76	25.21 ± 4.00	0.019
Duration (years)	7.87 (5–11)	6.071 (3–8)	0.082
ESR (mm/hour)	29.88 ± 24	42.57 ± 35.71	0.383
CRP (mg/L)	4.1 (1.7–26.8)	5.15 (2–14)	0.906
ASDAS-ESR	2.55 ± 1.04	2.77 ± 1.18	0.665
ASDAS-CRP	1.75 (1.1–3.9)	2.05 (1.3–3.4)	0.907
Serum DKK-1 level (pg/dL)	5640 ± 2064	6406 ± 1012	0.253
mSASSS	25.38 ± 3.159	25.79 ± 7.526	0.885

BMD: bone mineral density, BMI: body mass index, ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP: C-reactive protein, ASDAS: ankylosing spondylitis disease activity score, DKK-1: dickkopf-related protein 1, and mSASSS: modified stoke ankylosing spondylitis spinal score; indicates a significant value ().