Familial Risks between Pernicious Anemia and Other Autoimmune Diseases in the Population of Sweden

Table 3

Familial risks of discordant autoimmune diseases.

Subtypes of AID in offspring	Family history of AID	Both genders				Men				Women
		Obs.	SIR	95% CI		Obs.	SIR	95% CI		Obs.	SIR	95% CI
Pernicious anemia	Addison disease	16	2.45	1.40	3.99	7	2.84	1.13	5.88	9	2.22	1.01	4.23
Addison disease	Pernicious anemia	29	1.97	1.32	2.84	12	1.94	1.00	3.39	17	2.00	1.16	3.22
Pernicious anemia	Celiac disease	68	1.43	1.11	1.82	22	1.33	0.83	2.02	46	1.49	1.09	1.98
Celiac disease	Pernicious anemia	227	1.44	1.26	1.64	89	1.54	1.23	1.89	138	1.38	1.16	1.63
Pernicious anemia	Crohn disease	136	1.70	1.43	2.02	47	1.64	1.20	2.18	89	1.74	1.40	2.14
Crohn disease	Pernicious anemia	265	1.24	1.10	1.40	126	1.21	1.01	1.44	139	1.28	1.07	1.51
Pernicious anemia	Diabetes mellitus type I	35	1.53	1.06	2.13	12	1.86	0.96	3.26	23	1.40	0.89	2.10
Diabetes mellitus type I	Pernicious anemia	167	1.74	1.48	2.02	86	1.69	1.35	2.09	81	1.79	1.42	2.22
Pernicious anemia	Giant-cell arteritis	70	1.66	1.30	2.10	29	1.65	1.10	2.37	41	1.68	1.20	2.28
Giant-cell arteritis	Pernicious anemia	89	1.14	0.91	1.40	31	1.11	0.75	1.58	58	1.16	0.88	1.49
Pernicious anemia	Graves	201	1.52	1.32	1.74	74	1.45	1.14	1.82	127	1.56	1.30	1.86
Graves	Pernicious anemia	424	1.57	1.43	1.73	74	1.64	1.29	2.06	350	1.56	1.40	1.73
Pernicious anemia	Hashimoto thyroiditis	130	1.41	1.17	1.67	44	1.28	0.93	1.72	86	1.48	1.18	1.83
Hashimoto thyroiditis	Pernicious anemia	266	1.20	1.06	1.36	45	1.23	0.89	1.64	221	1.20	1.05	1.37
Pernicious anemia	Polymyalgia rheumatica	82	0.82	0.65	1.02	38	0.86	0.61	1.18	44	0.79	0.57	1.06
Polymyalgia rheumatica	Pernicious anemia	146	1.27	1.08	1.50	65	1.29	1.00	1.65	81	1.26	1.00	1.57
Pernicious anemia	Psoriasis	413	1.28	1.16	1.41	163	1.37	1.17	1.60	250	1.23	1.08	1.39
Psoriasis	Pernicious anemia	957	1.13	1.06	1.21	475	1.16	1.06	1.27	482	1.11	1.01	1.21
Pernicious anemia	Rheumatoid arthritis	391	1.29	1.17	1.43	155	1.25	1.06	1.46	236	1.33	1.16	1.51
Rheumatoid arthritis	Pernicious anemia	576	1.21	1.12	1.32	157	1.02	0.87	1.19	419	1.31	1.19	1.44
Pernicious anemia	Sarcoidosis	63	1.16	0.89	1.48	24	1.13	0.73	1.69	39	1.17	0.83	1.60
Sarcoidosis	Pernicious anemia	157	1.20	1.02	1.41	88	1.17	0.94	1.45	69	1.25	0.97	1.58
Pernicious anemia	Sjögren syndrome	42	1.43	1.03	1.93	11	0.99	0.49	1.78	31	1.69	1.15	2.40
Sjögren syndrome	Pernicious anemia	97	1.45	1.17	1.77	10	1.39	0.66	2.57	87	1.46	1.17	1.80
Pernicious anemia	Systemic lupus erythematosus	34	1.57	1.09	2.20	17	2.01	1.17	3.23	17	1.29	0.75	2.06
Systemic lupus erythematosus	Pernicious anemia	64	1.48	1.14	1.89	10	1.39	0.66	2.56	54	1.49	1.12	1.95
Pernicious anemia	Ulcerative colitis	146	1.07	0.90	1.25	51	1.01	0.75	1.32	95	1.10	0.89	1.35
Ulcerative colitis	Pernicious anemia	416	1.14	1.03	1.25	226	1.15	1.00	1.31	190	1.13	0.97	1.30

Bold values indicate that 95% CI does not include 1.00. O = observed number of cases; SIR = standardized incidence ratio; CI = confidence interval.