Fungal Infections among Psoriatic Patients: Etiologic Agents, Comorbidities, and Vulnerable Population
Table 3
Etiologic agents of fungal infections isolated from psoriatic patients.
Etiologic agent
Methods of identification
Infected area
Hand
Face
Scalp
Nail
Foot
Glabrous skin
Groin
Eyebrow
Total
T. rubrum
DM + culture + additional testsa
1
0
0
1 (FN) 2 (TN)
1
0
0
0
5
E. floccosum
DM + culture + additional tests
0
0
0
3 (TN)
3
0
1
0
7
T. interdigitale/mentagrophytes
DM + culture + additional tests
0
0
0
1 (FN) 5 (TN)
2
1
0
0
9
T. verrucosum
DM + culture + additional tests
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
T. violaceum
DM + culture + additional tests
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
M. gypseum
DM + culture + additional tests
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
M. canis
DM + culture + additional tests
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
C. glabrata
PCR-RFLP
0
0
0
2 (FN) 1 (TN)
0
1
0
0
4
C. krusei
PCR-RFLP
0
0
0
1 (FN)
0
1
0
0
2
C. parapsilosis
PCR-RFLP
0
0
0
3 (FN)
0
0
0
0
3
M. restricta
PCR-sequencing
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
2
5
M. globosa
PCR-sequencing
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
2
Aspergillus sp.
DM + culture
0
0
0
1 (FN) 2 (TN)
0
0
0
0
3
Fusarium sp.
DM + culture
0
0
0
1 (FN) 1 (TN)
0
0
0
0
2
Total
1
3
5
24
6
3
1
3
46
FN: finger nail, TN: toe nail, DM: direct microscopy, and PCR-RFLP: polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. aAdditional tests including urea hydrolysis, hair perforation test, and growth on rice grains were used to confirm primary identification of dermatophyte species.
