Effects of Water Inrush from Tunnel Excavation Face on the Deformation and Mechanical Performance of Shield Tunnel Segment Joints

<div>The relationship between the internal force of bolts and the water head difference over the excavation face. (a) The maximum axial force. (b) The maximum shear force. (c) The maximum bending moment.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 25

Figure 25: Effects of Water Inrush from Tunnel Excavation Face on the Deformation and Mechanical Performance of Shield Tunnel Segment Joints 