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Advances in Civil Engineering
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2009
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Article
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Fig 1
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Research Article
Collapse Scenarios of High-Rise Buildings Using Plastic Limit Analysis
Figure 1
Classical buckling of external steel columns condition with reduced lateral strains under fire.
(a)
Initial thermal expansion (and thermal bowing): columns pushed out as thermal expansion dominates
(b)
Loss of stiffness in floors (by material softening and buckling induced by restrained thermal expansion)
(c)
New buckling model