Influence of Cleats-Surface Interaction on the Performance and Risk of Injury in Soccer: A Systematic Review

Table 1

Cleats’ characteristics.

Cleat model		Indicated field	Studs/sole material	Studs
				Number	Size	Geometry
	Turf	Synthetic	Rubber studs and compliant sole	>55	6-7 mm	Cylindrical, conical (rounded), prismatic, and bladed
	Artificial grass		Plastic studs and rigid plastic sole	22	8–10 mm
	Hard ground	Dirt field		14	10–12 mm
	Firm ground	Natural ground in good conditions		11	10–12 mm
	Soft ground	Muddy or wet natural ground	Aluminum studs and rigid plastic sole	6	13–16 mm